Free CPHON® Test Practice Questions

Sample Practice Questions

Try these 10 sample questions from the CPHON® Test practice bank. Each includes the answer and explanation. Continue with the interactive practice above to review the full question set.

1. 1An adolescent completing leukemia treatment will transfer to a survivorship clinic. Which document should the nurse request to communicate prior exposures and recommended ongoing care?

   1. A. A pathology report paired with the original diagnostic imaging
   2. B. A treatment summary paired with a follow-up care plan
   3. C. A discharge medication list paired with the latest blood count
   4. D. A chemotherapy consent form paired with the admission history

   Answer: B

   Explanation: NCI states, "Your follow-up care plan, along with a summary of your cancer treatment, is part of what is called a survivorship care plan." These two components communicate treatment exposures and continuing care needs during transfer; the other records have narrower purposes.

   Reference: Follow-Up Medical Care — Getting a Follow-Up Care Plan

2. 2A child with ALL has many immature malignant cells that do not mature into functional B or T lymphocytes and provide poor infection defense. Which precursor population is expanded?

   1. A. Lymphoblasts
   2. B. Myeloblasts
   3. C. Erythroblasts
   4. D. Megakaryoblasts

   Answer: A

   Explanation: NCI states, "ALL occurs because too many stem cells become lymphoblasts that do not mature into B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes." These malignant lymphoid precursors do not provide normal immune protection. Myeloblasts, erythroblasts, and megakaryoblasts belong to different hematopoietic lineages.

   Reference: Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (PDQ®)–Patient Version — What is childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia?

3. 3A child prescribed hydroxyurea 500 mg daily missed yesterday's dose. The prescription is unchanged. Under NHLBI's missed-dose counseling, how much should the next scheduled dose contain?

   1. A. 1,000 mg
   2. B. 750 mg
   3. C. 500 mg
   4. D. 0 mg

   Answer: C

   Explanation: NHLBI advises patients "not to double up doses if a dose is missed." The unchanged scheduled dose remains 500 mg. Adding the entire missed dose gives 1,000 mg; adding half gives 750 mg; omitting the next scheduled dose gives 0 mg. None follows the unchanged daily prescription.

   Reference: Evidence-Based Management of Sickle Cell Disease: Expert Panel Report, 2014 — Guide to Recommendations — Chapter 5, treatment protocol, p.34

4. 4A childhood cancer survivor received doxorubicin and daunorubicin. These drugs belong to which class associated with cardiac late effects?

   1. A. Vinca alkaloids
   2. B. Anthracyclines
   3. C. Antimetabolites
   4. D. Asparaginase enzymes

   Answer: B

   Explanation: NCI identifies "anthracyclines such as doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, and epirubicin" as increasing cardiac risk. The other classes do not classify these drugs.

   Reference: Late Effects of Treatment for Childhood Cancer (PDQ®)–Patient Version — Cardiovascular System — treatment-related risk

5. 5The nurse explains that giving an antipyretic before reporting a neutropenic child's suspected infection can obscure an important assessment finding. Which finding is directly suppressed by the intended antipyretic action?

   1. A. A low absolute neutrophil count
   2. B. A positive blood culture
   3. C. Purulent wound drainage
   4. D. An elevated body temperature

   Answer: D

   Explanation: NCI states, "These medicines can lower a fever but may also mask or hide signs of a more serious problem." Lowering body temperature can conceal the fever signal. Antipyresis does not correct neutropenia, sterilize a blood culture, or remove purulent drainage.

   Reference: Infection and Neutropenia during Cancer Treatment — Signs of infection — fever medicines

6. 6A child receiving cancer treatment is worried about what to tell classmates. Which professional does NCI specifically identify as able to help the child decide what to share with friends?

   1. A. Child-life specialist
   2. B. Respiratory therapist
   3. C. Registered dietitian
   4. D. Clinical pharmacist

   Answer: A

   Explanation: NCI states, "A social worker or child-life specialist can help your child think through what they would and would not like to share with friends." Of the listed professionals, the child-life specialist matches this peer-relationship support role.

   Reference: Support for Families: Childhood Cancer — Help your child connect with friends

7. 7A parent asks whether visits to a childhood cancer survivorship clinic can replace the child's routine primary care. Which arrangement should the nurse recommend?

   1. A. The survivorship clinic should assume routine primary care automatically.
   2. B. The primary care clinician should replace all cancer follow-up services.
   3. C. The two clinicians should alternate years without overlapping visits.
   4. D. Routine primary care should continue alongside cancer follow-up care.

   Answer: D

   Explanation: NCI advises, "It’s important that you keep getting your routine care from your primary care provider in addition to follow-up cancer care." Specialized surveillance and routine preventive care serve complementary roles.

   Reference: Follow-Up Medical Care — Getting a Follow-Up Care Plan — Choose which doctor to see after treatment

8. 8A marrow specimen from a child with suspected leukemia is being tested to determine whether malignant cells are of B-cell or T-cell lineage. Which test identifies the cells by their surface antigens?

   1. A. Cytogenetic analysis
   2. B. Blood chemistry study
   3. C. Immunophenotyping
   4. D. Complete blood count

   Answer: C

   Explanation: NCI describes immunophenotyping as "A laboratory test that uses antibodies to identify cancer cells based on the types of antigens or markers on the surface of the cells." This identifies lineage rather than chromosome structure, chemistry values, or cell counts.

   Reference: Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (PDQ®)–Patient Version — Tests to diagnose childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia — Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

9. 9A parent asks how early daily hydroxyurea is commonly offered for sickle cell disease. What youngest age is described in NHLBI's treatment guidance?

   1. A. 9 months
   2. B. 2 years
   3. C. 5 years
   4. D. 16 years

   Answer: A

   Explanation: NHLBI states, "Healthcare providers usually prescribe daily hydroxyurea for infants as young as 9 months old who have sickle cell disease." This is the earliest age described for routine pediatric use.

   Reference: Sickle Cell Disease — Treatment — Medicines — First line medicine to prevent sickling and reduce complications

10. 10A survivor needs a study that uses sound waves to produce moving images of heart structures and pumping. Which ordered test fits this description?

    1. A. Electrocardiogram
    2. B. Cardiac CT
    3. C. Echocardiogram
    4. D. Cardiac MRI

    Answer: C

    Explanation: NCI states, "A moving picture is made of the heart and heart valves as blood is pumped through the heart." This describes echocardiographic ultrasound, not electrical recording, x-rays, or magnetic imaging.

    Reference: Late Effects of Treatment for Childhood Cancer (PDQ®)–Patient Version — Cardiovascular System — Echocardiogram