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Colorado Veterinarian — Requirements & Free Practice

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Licenses, application pathways and examination requirements

Each license and applicant pathway has its own requirements and exemptions. Choosing practice questions does not determine your eligibility.

Academic Veterinarian

Restricted to official university employment duties at an accredited Colorado veterinary school.

Licensing authority: Colorado State Board of Veterinary Medicine · Application information

Original application after revocation or surrender
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Academic Eligibility
Veterinary degree and employment at an accredited Colorado veterinary school; limited official university practice.
Lower Ranked Rule Demand
The older rule cross-reference demands ordinary licensure requirements, while C.R.S. 12-315-108(3) exempts academic applicants; statutory exemption controls.
Waiting Period
At least two years after revocation or surrender; subsequent application is treated as an original application.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Initial academic licence
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Education
Veterinary degree from a school in the United States or another country.
Employment
Employment at an accredited Colorado veterinary school; practice begins only after licensing and is confined to official university duties.
Lower Ranked Rule Demand
C.R.S. 12-315-108(3) expressly removes the requirements of 12-315-107 and 12-315-109. The older Board rule nevertheless says "The requirements in Rule 1.7(A)(2)) apply." That cross-reference includes NAVLE and approved-school/ECFVG/PAVE requirements. Under the contract the statute controls; this lower-ranked demand is retained here.
Procedure
Submit Board application, fee and degree/employment verification.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Reinstatement of expired academic licence (more than 2 years)
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Academic Employment
Continue to satisfy veterinary-degree and accredited Colorado school employment requirements. The academic reinstatement checklist requests employer verification of degree and employment and does not list the rule’s competency options; the higher-ranked general reinstatement rule remains applicable.
Application
Completed application, fee, applicable name-change documents and history disclosures.
Current Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Elapsed Time
Expired for more than 2 years.
Substance Use
Complete substance-use prevention training, subject to applicable statutory exemptions.
Waiver
NAVLE passed within one year is one competency option; an applicant satisfying another allowed measure need not retake NAVLE. Board discretion and hardship relief remain applicant conditions.
Reinstatement of expired academic licence (2 years or less)
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Academic Employment
Continue to satisfy veterinary-degree and accredited Colorado school employment requirements. The academic reinstatement checklist requests employer verification of degree and employment and does not list the rule’s competency options; the higher-ranked general reinstatement rule remains applicable.
Application
Completed application, fee, applicable name-change documents and history disclosures.
Continuing Education
32 hours for the last active period and 32 additional hours for the expired period, as the Board reinstatement checklist states.
Elapsed Time
Expired for 2 years or less.
Substance Use
Complete substance-use prevention training, subject to applicable statutory exemptions.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Renewal of academic veterinarian licence
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
32 hours per renewal period, including 2 hours of Veterinary Practice Act jurisprudence and 2 hours of supervision/delegation training. These courses are training conditions, not a jurisprudence examination.
Health Evaluation
Consent to Board-ordered physical/behavioral/mental-health evaluation under C.R.S. 12-315-124; this is a health condition assessed by a qualified professional, not an identified veterinary licensing examination.
Prescription Monitoring
Attest to prescription drug monitoring compliance and awareness of penalties under C.R.S. 12-315-110(4).
Renewal
Biennial application and applicable fee; Board application page states expiration on October 31 of even-numbered years.
Substance Use
At least 1 hour of substance-use prevention training per renewal period, covering the topics in C.R.S. 12-315-110(3)(d), including benzodiazepines; statutory exemptions apply to equivalent national-board-certification training or an attestation that opioids are not prescribed.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Veterinarian

Colorado licence to practice veterinary medicine; probation or practice restrictions are terms of this licence when imposed by the Board.

Licensing authority: Colorado State Board of Veterinary Medicine · Application information

Licensure by endorsement
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Additional Board Measures
The Board may consider restricted or probationary practice, approved courses, or another competency measure including species-specific examinations. The state rule names no species or examination identity; this open slot is a condition.
Application
Completed Board application and fee; all required documentation must reach the Board within one year.
Current Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Disclosures
Disclose grounds for discipline and all final or pending disciplinary actions, with explanation and supporting documents.
Education
Graduate of an AVMA-accredited veterinary school, or graduate of a nonapproved school with an ECFVG or PAVE certificate. The Board guide also requests transcripts for nonaccredited graduates; certification is an applicant condition, not an identifiable examination named in the state sources.
Legacy Scores
The Board guide says: "If you took and passed examinations prior to 11/20/2000, submit proof of passing scores for the National Board Examination (NBE) AND the Clinical Competency Test (CCT)." ICVA confirms both were replaced in November 2000. These discontinued scores are prior evidence; NAVLE remains a leaf under the Board rule and the currently offered competency option.
Military Education Credit
Substantially equivalent education, training or service gained during military service may be credited; provide evidence for individual Board review.
Minimum Age
At least 21 years old (C.R.S. 12-315-107(1)).
Prior License
Good-standing credential from an eligible jurisdiction or federal agency under occupational credential portability; Board Rule 1.7(B), now 1.8(B), requires verification through the endorsing jurisdiction and no revoked, suspended, restricted or conditional licence or pending discipline.
Licensure by examination
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Additional Board Measures
The Board may consider restricted or probationary practice, approved courses, or another competency measure including species-specific examinations. The state rule names no species or examination identity; this open slot is a condition.
Application
Completed Board application and fee; all required documentation must reach the Board within one year.
Current Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Disclosures
Disclose grounds for discipline and all final or pending disciplinary actions, with explanation and supporting documents.
Education
Graduate of an AVMA-accredited veterinary school, or graduate of a nonapproved school with an ECFVG or PAVE certificate. The Board guide also requests transcripts for nonaccredited graduates; certification is an applicant condition, not an identifiable examination named in the state sources.
Military Education Credit
Substantially equivalent education, training or service gained during military service may be credited; provide evidence for individual Board review.
Minimum Age
At least 21 years old (C.R.S. 12-315-107(1)).
Reinstatement for active military personnel or eligible veterans (more than 2 years)
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Application
Application and applicable fees, disclosures and substance-use training; hardship waiver may apply.
Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Elapsed Time
More than 2 years
Eligibility
Active military personnel, including National Guard members or reservists active for at least 30 days, or a veteran not dishonorably discharged.
Entitlement
Regulator shall reinstate if statutory reinstatement requirements are met, rather than the discretionary general reinstatement standard.
Exam Alternative
For expiration exceeding 2 years NAVLE passed within one year is one competency measure; the applicant may qualify through another permitted measure.
Reinstatement for active military personnel or eligible veterans (2 years or less)
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Application and applicable fees, disclosures and substance-use training; hardship waiver may apply.
Competence
Continuing education for the last active and expired periods.
Elapsed Time
2 years or less
Eligibility
Active military personnel, including National Guard members or reservists active for at least 30 days, or a veteran not dishonorably discharged.
Entitlement
Regulator shall reinstate if statutory reinstatement requirements are met, rather than the discretionary general reinstatement standard.
Exam Alternative
The short-expiration route requires continuing education rather than a licensing examination.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Original application after revocation or surrender
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Additional Board Measures
The Board may consider restricted or probationary practice, approved courses, or another competency measure including species-specific examinations. The state rule names no species or examination identity; this open slot is a condition.
Application
Completed Board application and fee; all required documentation must reach the Board within one year.
Current Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Disclosures
Disclose grounds for discipline and all final or pending disciplinary actions, with explanation and supporting documents.
Education
Graduate of an AVMA-accredited veterinary school, or graduate of a nonapproved school with an ECFVG or PAVE certificate. The Board guide also requests transcripts for nonaccredited graduates; certification is an applicant condition, not an identifiable examination named in the state sources.
Military Education Credit
Substantially equivalent education, training or service gained during military service may be credited; provide evidence for individual Board review.
Minimum Age
At least 21 years old (C.R.S. 12-315-107(1)).
Waiting Period
At least two years after revocation or surrender; subsequent application is treated as an original application.
Reinstatement of expired ordinary licence (more than 2 years)
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Application
Completed application, fee, applicable name-change documents and history disclosures.
Current Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Elapsed Time
Expired for more than 2 years.
Substance Use
Complete substance-use prevention training, subject to applicable statutory exemptions.
Waiver
NAVLE passed within one year is one competency option; an applicant satisfying another allowed measure need not retake NAVLE. Board discretion and hardship relief remain applicant conditions.
Reinstatement of expired ordinary licence (2 years or less)
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Completed application, fee, applicable name-change documents and history disclosures.
Continuing Education
32 hours for the last active period and 32 additional hours for the expired period, as the Board reinstatement checklist states.
Elapsed Time
Expired for 2 years or less.
Substance Use
Complete substance-use prevention training, subject to applicable statutory exemptions.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Renewal of ordinary veterinarian licence
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
32 hours per renewal period, including 2 hours of Veterinary Practice Act jurisprudence and 2 hours of supervision/delegation training. These courses are training conditions, not a jurisprudence examination.
Health Evaluation
Consent to Board-ordered physical/behavioral/mental-health evaluation under C.R.S. 12-315-124; this is a health condition assessed by a qualified professional, not an identified veterinary licensing examination.
Prescription Monitoring
Attest to prescription drug monitoring compliance and awareness of penalties under C.R.S. 12-315-110(4).
Renewal
Biennial application and applicable fee; Board application page states expiration on October 31 of even-numbered years.
Substance Use
At least 1 hour of substance-use prevention training per renewal period, covering the topics in C.R.S. 12-315-110(3)(d), including benzodiazepines; statutory exemptions apply to equivalent national-board-certification training or an attestation that opioids are not prescribed.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

Reactivation of inactive licence (2 years or more)
North American Veterinary Licensing Examination
Application
Reactivation application and fee; certify licence good standing and report disciplinary actions, injunctions, malpractice and pending inquiries.
Board Decision
Board may decline reactivation while discipline or an unresolved complaint is pending.
Current Competence
Show one of: AVMA-accredited DVM graduation within 12 months; ECFVG/PAVE certification within 12 months; active licensed clinical practice, teaching in an AVMA-accredited program, or military veterinary service for 3 of the past 5 years; NAVLE passed within one year; or a Board-preapproved evaluation by an AVMA-accredited institution within one year.
Exam Alternative
NAVLE passed within one year is a competency option; another qualifying measure can excuse the applicant from taking it.
Inactive Period
2 years or more.
Substance Use
Complete substance-use prevention training, subject to applicable statutory exemptions.
Reactivation of inactive licence (less than 2 years)
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Reactivation application and fee; certify licence good standing and report disciplinary actions, injunctions, malpractice and pending inquiries.
Board Decision
Board may decline reactivation while discipline or an unresolved complaint is pending.
Continuing Education
Provide continuing education for the last active two-year period and the inactive two-year period.
Inactive Period
Less than 2 years.
Substance Use
Complete substance-use prevention training, subject to applicable statutory exemptions.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-29.

North American Veterinary Licensing Examination

Provider
International Council for Veterinary Assessment (ICVA); delivered at Prometric testing centers
Format
Computer-based multiple-choice examination; each question presents a clinical scenario or vignette followed by a question requiring one answer from a list of response options; about 15-20% include graphics such as photos or radiographs. Beginning with the October-November 2026 NAVLE the test is divided into twelve blocks of 30 questions each.
Exam questions
360 multiple-choice questions
Time limit
Around seven and a half (7.5) hours
Passing score
Score report gives a pass or fail designation and a three-digit scaled score
Exam fee
$825 (USD) standard NAVLE fee; $1,220 (USD) international NAVLE fee (standard fee + international fee of $395)
Examination outline
  • Clinical Practice (competency domain; target blueprint 70%) (70%)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Create or update medical records
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Develop a differential diagnosis
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Formulate a diagnostic plan
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Formulate possible differential diagnoses
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret cytologic specimens
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret diagnostic images (e.g., ECG, endoscopy, ultrasound, x-ray)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret findings from laboratory tests (e.g., urine, blood, tissue)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret findings from physical examination
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret findings from postmortem specimen
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret principles of pathophysiology and mechanism of action
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret results of system-specific examination (e.g., ophthalmic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, dental)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Investigate possible exposure of companion animal to toxin
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Investigate possible exposure of food or game animal to toxin
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Observe or interpret an animal’s mental status and other aspects of behavior
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Obtain animal health history from client
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Obtain diagnostic images (e.g., ultrasound, x-ray)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Obtain specimens or samples for laboratory studies (e.g., urine, blood, tissue)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform general physical examination
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform postmortem examination to determine cause of death
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform standard diagnostic tests on samples (e.g., urine, blood, tissue)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform system-specific examination (e.g., ophthalmic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, dental)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Prioritize need for diagnostic procedures considering available resources
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Read and interpret production records or farm-based computer reports to understand herd-level health parameters
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Review animal medical records to determine health status
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Administer a biological or pharmacological agent other than anesthesia, including blood, vaccinations, drugs, and medications
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Administer general anesthesia
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Administer local anesthesia
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Apply a splint, cast or other stabilization device
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Care for wounds or surgical incisions (e.g., suture, dress)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Determine prognosis
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Establish a rehabilitation plan
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Establish a treatment plan
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Evaluate a treatment outcome
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Formulate or evaluate a behavior modification plan
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Formulate patient/herd/population management and treatment plans (e.g., stall rest, medication, raising curtains in a pig barn, testing feed)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Perform common therapeutic/surgical procedures (e.g., tissue biopsy, wound drainage)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Perform major surgical procedures (e.g., abdominal, orthopedic)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Prescribe a biological or pharmacological agent
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Refer clients to veterinary specialists for further diagnostic studies or treatment
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Synthesize multiple sources of diagnostic information, including local disease prevalence, to determine diagnosis
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Treat minor injuries or trauma (e.g., abrasions, lacerations, eye wounds)
  • Preventive Medicine and Animal Welfare (competency domain; target blueprint 15%) (15%)
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Certify that animals or animal products meet certain standards (e.g., living conditions, sanitation, health or disease status)
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Conduct or oversee an animal welfare audit
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Conduct periodic/annual examinations on client animals and discuss vaccination, deworming, diet, exercise, and other wellness considerations
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Explain to client the components of an animal welfare audit
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Identify and take action on animal welfare problems
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Verify that diseased or infected animals have been managed according to professional or governmental guidelines
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Work with community groups or regulatory bodies to address the ethical treatment, health, and welfare of animals
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Apply isolation or quarantine and/or disinfection measures to own work environment as a means of disease prevention/control
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Ensure proper disposal of biomedical waste
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Evaluate animal environments to identify possible epidemiological problems and public health concerns
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Inform client or community about effective methods for managing animal or human waste
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Inspect practice environment (e.g., clinic, vehicle) to ensure that it is safe and accessible
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Instruct client about methods to humanely terminate diseased animals and dispose of infected carcasses
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Instruct staff, colleagues, or others about proper technique for disposal of biomedical waste
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Monitor workplace to verify that it complies with hazardous materials requirements
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Apply isolation or quarantine procedures as a means of disease prevention and control
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Collaborate or consult with clients, health professionals, government agencies, or community groups on public health issues such as food safety and zoonotic disease
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Conduct a community education workshop on some topic related to animal or human health
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Consult with community stakeholders about animal population control
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Discuss animal care options with an immunocompromised owner
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Formulate a patient/herd management and/or treatment plan for public health and/or zoonotic disease cases or concerns
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Inform clients or community about prevention and treatment of zoonotic organism exposure
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Inspect food to ensure consumer safety
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Investigate a disease outbreak
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Participate in disease control or eradication program
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Participate in epidemiologic inquiry of a reportable disease by collecting, handling, or transporting specimens/samples
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Report a transboundary or zoonotic disease to state, regional, or national agency
    • Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics (no separate subdomain percentage is published in the target blueprint) — Apply the fundamentals of epidemiology and/or biostatistics
    • Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics (no separate subdomain percentage is published in the target blueprint) — Interpret biostatistical or epidemiologic principles or problems
    • Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics (no separate subdomain percentage is published in the target blueprint) — Investigate epidemiologic problems
  • Communications (competency domain; the target blueprint lists 'Communication' at 8%) (8%)
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Build relationships with junior colleagues or new graduates
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Consult with other veterinarians or veterinary specialists regarding animal care
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Delegate delivery of veterinary care and services to associates or staff
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Deliver verbal case summaries to other veterinarians or members of the health care team
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Describe disaster preparedness plan to coworkers
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Engage regulatory bodies to improve standards of practice or to address other professional issues
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Explain results of research to non-veterinary health workers (e.g., staff, other agencies)
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Guide the work of associates or other staff in the delivery of veterinary services
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Mentor and supervise veterinary and veterinary technician students
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Respond to unprofessional or unethical behavior in others
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Train staff in animal health and care
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Write a case summary for use by other veterinarians or members of the health care team
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Advise client on health maintenance for herd, flock or individual pet (e.g., husbandry, production management, public health, wellness exams)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Advise client regarding appropriate and inappropriate pharmacy compounding
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Discuss euthanasia with client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Discuss strategies with producer or client to reduce antibiotic resistance and/or antibiotic residues
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Discuss the limits of legal extra-label drug use with client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Ensure that client understands the effects of prescribed pharmaceuticals, including chemotherapeutics (e.g., withdrawal time, side effects)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Explain diagnosis and prognosis to clients using lay terminology
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Explain research results to client, describing its implications for animal care
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Help clients differentiate trustworthy from unreliable information (e.g., from Internet or advertisements) to support the care of their animals
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Inform client of bad news (e.g., animal terminal illness, show animal that can’t be bred)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Instruct clients on how to obtain diagnostic information from an animal’s home environment (e.g., sleeping respiratory rate, stool or urine samples)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Instruct clients on methods for isolating and quarantining diseased animals
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Negotiate payment plan with a client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Obtain informed consent from client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Provide instruction regarding food safety practices
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Provide verbal instructions to client regarding follow-up care (e.g., medications, wound care, environmental enrichment)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Recommend management options to clients that are consistent with their cultural norms and personal values
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Refer client for grief counseling
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Talk with client to clarify concerns and expectations regarding type and level of care
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Teach client about preventive care (e.g., nutrition, behavior, dental, vaccines, parasites)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Use appropriate communication techniques (e.g., open-ended inquiry, empathy)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Write a summary of animal care instructions for a client
  • Professionalism, Practice Management, and Wellness (competency domain; target blueprint 'Professionalism, Practice Management and Wellness' 7%) (7%)
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Apply appropriate animal restraint
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Describe workings of benefit plan (e.g., retirement, health insurance) to staff
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Develop a budget for own practice or employer
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Develop standard operating procedures (e.g., procedures manual for practice or work environment)
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Evaluate and purchase major medical equipment
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Evaluate and purchase office/practice management software
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Evaluate new medications, products, or treatment procedures to determine suitability for own practice
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Negotiate work or practice arrangements (e.g., compensation, work schedule) with colleagues
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Prepare or update employee handbook
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Purchase expendable supplies (e.g., pharmaceuticals, dressing)
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Review practice management data, including business and financial records
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Supervise paraprofessional or technical support staff
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Attend a professional development seminar or workshop
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Attend training on emerging technologies in veterinary medicine
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Conduct oneself in a professional, ethical, and legal manner
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Consult reference materials (e.g., journals, online databases, other) to help formulate diagnosis or treatment options
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Encourage veterinarian and support staff wellness
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Exchange new scientific or technical information with other health professionals
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Give a talk at a professional meeting
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in activities of local, national, or international professional association (e.g., state veterinarian association)
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in online professional development activity
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in or conduct an investigation to test a new procedure (e.g., diagnostic, nutritional, medication, surgical)
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in professional development activities (e.g., continuing education, board certification)
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Read a journal article for professional development
Examination sources