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Washington Speech-Language Pathology — Requirements & Free Practice

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Speech-Language Pathology Assistant Certification

Washington assistant certification; services require authorized supervision.

Licensing authority: Washington State Department of Health — Board of Hearing and Speech · Application information

Assistant certification by endorsement — Board determination under RCW 18.35.085
Application And Fee
Submit the application, evidence of qualifications and appropriate licensing fees.
Board Decision
This is the discretionary statutory endorsement pathway, not the automatic two-year pathway.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No ground for denial or conditional licensure; no disciplinary action for unprofessional conduct or impairment in the preceding two years or during application; no pending investigation or charges during application.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-062 June 2020 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State Speech-Language Pathology Assistant laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". The adopted December 31, 2025 rule controls the first-year timing.
Existing Credential
Hold a credential from another state, territory or District of Columbia and obtain the Board's substantial-equivalence determination under RCW 18.35.085.
Jurisprudence Timing
Pass the Board jurisprudence examination within the first year under WAC 246-828-510(1).
Assistant certification by endorsement — substantially equivalent credential for two years
Application And Fee
Submit the application, evidence of qualifications and appropriate licensing fees.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No ground for denial or conditional licensure; no disciplinary action for unprofessional conduct or impairment in the preceding two years or during application; no pending investigation or charges during application.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-062 June 2020 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State Speech-Language Pathology Assistant laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". The adopted December 31, 2025 rule controls the first-year timing.
Existing Credential
Current assistant credential in a substantially equivalent jurisdiction for the immediately preceding two years, without interruption longer than 90 days.
Jurisprudence Timing
Pass the Board jurisprudence examination within the first year under WAC 246-828-510(1).
Licensing Examination Waiver
RCW 18.130.077(1) waives the initial licensing requirements; license terminology includes certification under RCW 18.130.020(9). First-year continuing education remains applicable.
Return from expiration of one renewal cycle or less
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse Duration
One annual renewal cycle or less.
Return after more than three years expired with active practice elsewhere
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse Duration
More than three years expired.
Other Practice
Submit verification of active practice in another United States jurisdiction.
Assistant return after more than three years expired without active practice elsewhere
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Competency
Satisfy other competency requirements the regulatory entity requires; an unspecified additional assessment is an applicant condition.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse And Practice
Certification expired over three years without active practice elsewhere; follow WAC 246-12-040(3)(c).
Profession Specific Retest
WAC 246-828-300(3)-(4) specifies additional retesting for hearing aid specialists, audiologists and pathologists; it does not apply those provisions to the assistant certificate.
Return from expiration longer than one renewal cycle, up to three years
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse Duration
More than one annual renewal cycle, but no more than three years; at exactly three years use the general three-year application procedure while the profession-specific retest threshold remains over three years.
Reissue an expired inactive credential
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application And Fees
Apply the lapse-based reissuance procedure and inactive fees; provide the declarations required by WAC 246-12-040.
Inactive Status
Return an expired inactive credential to inactive status without authority to practice.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Obtain inactive status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Existing Credential
Hold an active Washington credential in good standing and cease Washington practice.
Notice
Notify the department in writing; the initial inactive fee becomes due when the active credential expires.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Renew inactive status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Inactive Status
Maintain inactive status and do not practice in Washington.
Renewal
Renew annually on the birthday and pay the inactive renewal fee and any applicable surcharge.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Return from inactive to active status
Continuing Competency
Show CE and competency for the two most recent years; fulfill other competency requirements specified by the Board.
Disciplinary Declarations
Provide no-action and no-surrender declarations and other required documentation.
Examination Discretion
RCW 18.35.095(4) permits examinations as the Board requires; no unspecified examination is invented.
Jurisprudence Timing
The named jurisprudence examination forms part of applicable continuing education, subject to cycle timing and a Board exception.
Notice And Fee
Notify the department in writing, pay the active renewal fee and applicable surcharge.
Initial assistant certification — associate degree or certificate of proficiency
Application And Fee
Submit the certification application, fee and official transcripts; translate non-English transcripts officially.
Credential History
Disclose all current, former and applied-for credentials; obtain direct jurisdiction verification.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-062 June 2020 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State Speech-Language Pathology Assistant laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". The adopted December 31, 2025 rule controls the first-year timing.
Education
Board-approved assistant associate degree or certificate of proficiency; RCW 18.35.040(3)(a) requires transcripts showing 45 quarter or 30 semester hours of speech-language pathology coursework and the same quantity of general education credit.
Fitness And Background
Answer personal-data questions, explain affirmative responses and complete required background checks.
Implementation Education
WAC 246-828-617(1) describes coursework culminating in assistant certification and 45 quarter or 30 semester general-education hours. The statute's express speech-language coursework requirement remains applicable.
Jurisprudence Timing
Pass the Board jurisprudence examination within the first year under WAC 246-828-510(1).
Scope And Supervision
Assistant services must remain within delegated tasks and the supervision standards in WAC 246-828-112.
Supervised Experience
Demonstrate 100 supervised patient/client/student hours completed within a one-year time frame or clinical experience practicum; at least 50 hours must be under direct supervision.
Initial assistant certification — bachelor degree
Application And Fee
Submit the certification application, fee and official transcripts; translate non-English transcripts officially.
Credential History
Disclose all current, former and applied-for credentials; obtain direct jurisdiction verification.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-062 June 2020 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State Speech-Language Pathology Assistant laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". The adopted December 31, 2025 rule controls the first-year timing.
Education
Board-approved bachelor of arts or sciences degree in a speech, language and hearing program; provide official transcripts.
Fitness And Background
Answer personal-data questions, explain affirmative responses and complete required background checks.
Jurisprudence Timing
Pass the Board jurisprudence examination within the first year under WAC 246-828-510(1).
Scope And Supervision
Assistant services must remain within delegated tasks and the supervision standards in WAC 246-828-112.
Supervised Experience
Demonstrate 100 supervised patient/client/student hours completed within a one-year time frame or clinical experience practicum; at least 50 hours must be under direct supervision.
Return after mandated suspension
Continuing Education
Declare CE and competency for the entire suspension period; for suspension exceeding three years fulfill profession-specific requirements.
Fees
Pay the return-from-mandated-suspension fee, renewal fees if due and any applicable surcharge.
Jurisprudence Timing
Complete the jurisprudence examination when required by the covered continuing-education cycle; Board exceptions remain applicant conditions.
Suspension Order
Meet all conditions in the order mandating suspension.
Maintain military status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
Continuing education is not required during military status.
Service
Military service continues; provide current official service orders with the maintenance notice.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Obtain military status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Existing Credential
Hold an active credential in good standing.
Notice
Submit a written request and official service orders; no fee is due.
Service
Member of the United States Armed Forces, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, or Merchant Marine.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Maintain inactive military related status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Practice And Education
Washington practice is prohibited; continuing education is not required during this status.
Relationship And Deployment
Maintain marriage or domestic partnership while the qualifying service member remains stationed or deployed outside Washington; provide service orders.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Obtain inactive military related status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Existing Credential
Hold an active Washington credential in good standing.
Notice
Request inactive military-related status in writing; no fee is due and Washington practice is prohibited.
Relationship And Orders
Spouse or registered domestic partner of the qualifying service member stationed or deployed outside Washington; submit service orders and proof of marriage or partnership.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Return from inactive military related to active status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
Continuing education requirements resume during the following renewal.
Deadline
Following discharge, provide DD214 and request return within six months; late fees otherwise apply.
Request And Fees
Pay the active renewal fee and applicable surcharge and submit current service or discharge documentation.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Return from military to active status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
Continuing education applies after the first post-discharge renewal.
Deadline
Request return within six months of qualifying discharge; later requests are subject to WAC 246-12-040 late fees.
Fees
Pay the active renewal fee and applicable surcharge.
Notice
Notify the department and submit DD214 discharge papers.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Annual active renewal
Board Exception
Request a Board exception under WAC 246-828-510(4) when warranted.
Continuing Education
Complete 30 hours every three years, including at least one infection-control hour, one jurisprudence hour, at least 25 profession-specific hours, and the required two-hour health-equity training on its applicable schedule.
Renewal Deadline
Renew every year on or before the credential holder's birthday; pay the renewal fee and submit required declarations.
Reporting
Attest when the CE cycle is due; renewal need not require a fresh jurisprudence attempt every year.
Return from retired volunteer to ordinary active credential
Existing Credential
Hold the retired volunteer license based on the former assistant certificate.
Jurisprudence Condition
Complete the named jurisprudence examination when the applicable CE cycle requires it; Board exceptions are applicant conditions.
Praxis Condition
No assistant national examination is identified by WAC 246-828-617 or the assistant restoration procedure.
Restoration
Apply the WAC 246-12-040 expiration and competency procedure; meet CE and professional requirements for the actual elapsed time.

Speech-Language Pathologist License

Washington professional license; inactive and military statuses retain this license identity.

Licensing authority: Washington State Department of Health — Board of Hearing and Speech · Application information

Licensure by endorsement — Board determination under RCW 18.35.085
Application And Fee
Submit the application, evidence of qualifications and appropriate licensing fees.
Board Decision
RCW 18.35.085 permits credentialing without a licensing examination. WAC 246-828-035(3) directs applicants licensed for less than two years to the ordinary initial route or a temporary permit; this applicant must obtain the Board's discretionary equivalence determination rather than assume the automatic two-year pathway applies.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No ground for denial or conditional licensure; no disciplinary action for unprofessional conduct or impairment in the preceding two years or during application; no pending investigation or charges during application.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-042 September 2021 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State speech language pathologist laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction likewise states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". These implementing statements do not move the current rule's first-year deadline back to pre-issuance.
Existing Credential
Credential in another state, territory or the District of Columbia; Board must determine substantially equivalent credentialing standards.
Jurisprudence Timing
WAC 246-828-510(1) requires passing within the first year of licensure; this requirement is continuing education after issuance under the December 31, 2025 rules.
Licensure by endorsement — ASHA Certificate of Clinical Competence
Application And Fee
Submit the application, evidence of qualifications and appropriate licensing fees.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No ground for denial or conditional licensure; no disciplinary action for unprofessional conduct or impairment in the preceding two years or during application; no pending investigation or charges during application.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-042 September 2021 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State speech language pathologist laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction likewise states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". These implementing statements do not move the current rule's first-year deadline back to pre-issuance.
Endorsement Qualification
WAC 246-828-035(2) accepts the national certification and statutory disciplinary eligibility in place of the ordinary initial qualification pathway.
Jurisprudence Timing
WAC 246-828-510(1) requires passing within the first year of licensure; this requirement is continuing education after issuance under the December 31, 2025 rules.
National Certification
Provide current ASHA Certificate of Clinical Competence for speech-language pathology; it is an applicant qualification, not an examination.
Licensure by endorsement — substantially equivalent licensure for two years
Application And Fee
Submit the application, evidence of qualifications and appropriate licensing fees.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No ground for denial or conditional licensure; no disciplinary action for unprofessional conduct or impairment in the preceding two years or during application; no pending investigation or charges during application.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-042 September 2021 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State speech language pathologist laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction likewise states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". These implementing statements do not move the current rule's first-year deadline back to pre-issuance.
Existing Credential
Current credential and at least the immediately preceding two years in a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards; no interruption longer than 90 days.
Jurisprudence Timing
WAC 246-828-510(1) requires passing within the first year of licensure; this requirement is continuing education after issuance under the December 31, 2025 rules.
Licensing Examination Waiver
RCW 18.130.077(1) mandates waiver of licensing education, training, experience and examination requirements for this applicant; post-issuance continuing education remains applicable.
Return from expiration of one renewal cycle or less
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse Duration
One annual renewal cycle or less.
Return after more than three years expired with active practice elsewhere
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse Duration
More than three years expired.
Other Practice
Submit verification of active practice in another United States jurisdiction.
Return after more than three years expired without active practice elsewhere
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Ccc Alternative
WAC 246-828-300(4)(a) permits maintained ASHA CCC in speech-language pathology instead of retaking Praxis; certification is a condition rather than a no-exam alternative node.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse And Practice
License expired over three years without active practice in another United States jurisdiction.
Older Form Demand
DOH 654-046 September 2021 states: "(3) If the license or certification has expired for over three years, and the practitioner has not been in active practice in another United States jurisdiction, the practitioner must: (a) Successfully pass the examination as provided in RCW 18.35.050; and (b) Meet the requirements of chapter 246-12 WAC, Part 2.". The current WAC 246-828-300(4) controls its CCC alternative.
Return from expiration longer than one renewal cycle, up to three years
Application And Fees
Meet WAC 246-12-040 for the applicable lapse duration, including the abbreviated application when required, current renewal fees, late penalty and reissuance fee.
Board Exception
WAC 246-828-510(4) permits a written exception request, including for severe illness.
Continuing Education
Meet applicable current or retrospective continuing-education and competency requirements; jurisprudence completion depends on the reporting cycle and any Board exception.
Disciplinary Declarations
Declare no restrictions or surrender to avoid discipline and provide required supporting documentation.
Existing Credential
Previously issued Washington credential; practice is prohibited while expired.
Lapse Duration
More than one annual renewal cycle, but no more than three years; at exactly three years use the general three-year application procedure while the profession-specific retest threshold remains over three years.
Conversion of the Washington certificate held on January 1, 2003
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-042 September 2021 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State speech language pathologist laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction likewise states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". These implementing statements do not move the current rule's first-year deadline back to pre-issuance.
Historical Credential
Show the Washington speech-language pathology certificate held on January 1, 2003; the historical certificate is a qualification, not an examination.
Jurisprudence Timing
WAC 246-828-510(1) requires passing within the first year of licensure; this requirement is continuing education after issuance under the December 31, 2025 rules.
Statutory Waiver
RCW 18.35.080(3) waives the qualifications and licensing examination requirements of RCW 18.35.040 and 18.35.050.
Reissue an expired inactive credential
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application And Fees
Apply the lapse-based reissuance procedure and inactive fees; provide the declarations required by WAC 246-12-040.
Inactive Status
Return an expired inactive credential to inactive status without authority to practice.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Obtain inactive status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Existing Credential
Hold an active Washington credential in good standing and cease Washington practice.
Notice
Notify the department in writing; the initial inactive fee becomes due when the active credential expires.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Renew inactive status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Inactive Status
Maintain inactive status and do not practice in Washington.
Renewal
Renew annually on the birthday and pay the inactive renewal fee and any applicable surcharge.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Return from inactive to active status
Continuing Competency
Show CE and competency for the two most recent years; fulfill other competency requirements specified by the Board.
Disciplinary Declarations
Provide no-action and no-surrender declarations and other required documentation.
Examination Discretion
RCW 18.35.095(4) permits examinations as the Board requires; no unspecified examination is invented.
Jurisprudence Timing
The named jurisprudence examination forms part of applicable continuing education, subject to cycle timing and a Board exception.
Notice And Fee
Notify the department in writing, pay the active renewal fee and applicable surcharge.
Initial licensure by examination
Application And Fee
Submit the department application, supporting documentation and applicable fees.
Clinical Practicum
Complete the supervised clinical practicum included in the approved degree program.
Credential History
Disclose all jurisdictions of current, former or applied-for credentials and request direct credential verification.
Degree
A master's degree or equivalent, or doctorate degree or equivalent, from a board-approved program; request official transcripts directly from the institution.
Earlier Application Demand
DOH 654-042 September 2021 still states: "Complete the Jurisprudence Examination: Study the Washington State speech language pathologist laws (RCW 18.35 and WAC 246-828).". The official exam introduction likewise states: "All applicants for a Washington State speech-language pathologist license or speech-language pathology assistant certification must take the following jurisprudence exam. This is an open-book exam and the passing score is 100 percent per WAC 246-828.". These implementing statements do not move the current rule's first-year deadline back to pre-issuance.
Examination Score
Obtain the Praxis passing score recommended by its administrator; verification must come directly from, or be verified with, the examining agency.
Experience Supervision
Supervision by a Washington licensee in good standing or a supervisor licensed in a jurisdiction the Board finds substantially equivalent; supervisor submits experience documentation.
Fitness And Background
Answer personal-data questions truthfully, supply explanations and court or liability records when applicable, and complete required background checks.
Jurisprudence Timing
WAC 246-828-510(1) requires passing within the first year of licensure; this requirement is continuing education after issuance under the December 31, 2025 rules.
Postgraduate Experience
Complete at least 36 weeks and 1,080 hours; full-time is at least 30 hours weekly, part-time at least 15 hours weekly over 36–72 weeks; experience under 15 hours weekly is not counted.
Registered Agent
Name an agent to accept service under RCW 18.35.230.
Return after mandated suspension
Continuing Education
Declare CE and competency for the entire suspension period; for suspension exceeding three years fulfill profession-specific requirements.
Fees
Pay the return-from-mandated-suspension fee, renewal fees if due and any applicable surcharge.
Jurisprudence Timing
Complete the jurisprudence examination when required by the covered continuing-education cycle; Board exceptions remain applicant conditions.
Suspension Order
Meet all conditions in the order mandating suspension.
Maintain military status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
Continuing education is not required during military status.
Service
Military service continues; provide current official service orders with the maintenance notice.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Obtain military status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Existing Credential
Hold an active credential in good standing.
Notice
Submit a written request and official service orders; no fee is due.
Service
Member of the United States Armed Forces, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, or Merchant Marine.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Maintain inactive military related status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Practice And Education
Washington practice is prohibited; continuing education is not required during this status.
Relationship And Deployment
Maintain marriage or domestic partnership while the qualifying service member remains stationed or deployed outside Washington; provide service orders.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Obtain inactive military related status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Existing Credential
Hold an active Washington credential in good standing.
Notice
Request inactive military-related status in writing; no fee is due and Washington practice is prohibited.
Relationship And Orders
Spouse or registered domestic partner of the qualifying service member stationed or deployed outside Washington; submit service orders and proof of marriage or partnership.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Return from inactive military related to active status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
Continuing education requirements resume during the following renewal.
Deadline
Following discharge, provide DD214 and request return within six months; late fees otherwise apply.
Request And Fees
Pay the active renewal fee and applicable surcharge and submit current service or discharge documentation.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Return from military to active status
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Continuing Education
Continuing education applies after the first post-discharge renewal.
Deadline
Request return within six months of qualifying discharge; later requests are subject to WAC 246-12-040 late fees.
Fees
Pay the active renewal fee and applicable surcharge.
Notice
Notify the department and submit DD214 discharge papers.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Annual active renewal
Board Exception
Request a Board exception under WAC 246-828-510(4) when warranted.
Continuing Education
Complete 30 hours every three years, including at least one infection-control hour, one jurisprudence hour, at least 25 profession-specific hours, and the required two-hour health-equity training on its applicable schedule.
Renewal Deadline
Renew every year on or before the credential holder's birthday; pay the renewal fee and submit required declarations.
Reporting
Attest when the CE cycle is due; renewal need not require a fresh jurisprudence attempt every year.
Return from retired volunteer to ordinary active credential
Existing Credential
Hold the retired volunteer license based on the former pathologist license.
Jurisprudence Condition
Complete the named jurisprudence examination when the applicable CE cycle requires it; Board exceptions are applicant conditions.
Praxis Condition
For a pathologist whose ordinary license expired over three years without active practice elsewhere, WAC 246-828-300(4) accepts maintained ASHA CCC instead of retaking Praxis; in other lapse categories the additional Praxis retest is not required.
Restoration
Apply the WAC 246-12-040 expiration and competency procedure; meet CE and professional requirements for the actual elapsed time.

Speech-Language Pathologist Temporary Practice Permit

Temporary full-scope practice pending national background checks or completion of military-spouse requirements.

Licensing authority: Washington State Department of Health — Board of Hearing and Speech · Application information

Temporary permit pending national background check — ccc
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Submit the Washington credential application, fees and documentation.
Disciplinary Eligibility
Not subject to denial or a conditional/restricted credential and no Washington criminal record.
Future Education
WAC 246-828-510 places jurisprudence in the first year after licensure and in later CE cycles; this permit is governed by its own qualifying requirements.
Other Credential
Hold an unrestricted active credential in the same profession from a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards.
Pending Background Check
All applicable qualifications satisfied except the fingerprint-based national background-check result; submit the fingerprint card and written permit request when notified.
Permit Duration
Permit ends upon grant of the credential, a decision notice unless extended by that notice, or 180 days after issuance.
Qualification Pathway
Qualify for endorsement by current ASHA CCC in speech-language pathology and RCW 18.130.077(3) disciplinary eligibility.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Temporary permit pending national background check — standard
Application
Submit the Washington credential application, fees and documentation.
Disciplinary Eligibility
Not subject to denial or a conditional/restricted credential and no Washington criminal record.
Future Education
WAC 246-828-510 places jurisprudence in the first year after licensure and in later CE cycles; this permit is governed by its own qualifying requirements.
Other Credential
Hold an unrestricted active credential in the same profession from a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards.
Pending Background Check
All applicable qualifications satisfied except the fingerprint-based national background-check result; submit the fingerprint card and written permit request when notified.
Permit Duration
Permit ends upon grant of the credential, a decision notice unless extended by that notice, or 180 days after issuance.
Qualification Pathway
Meet the ordinary initial licensing qualifications; licensure history does not qualify for the mandatory two-year waiver.
Temporary permit pending national background check — two years
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Submit the Washington credential application, fees and documentation.
Disciplinary Eligibility
Not subject to denial or a conditional/restricted credential and no Washington criminal record.
Future Education
WAC 246-828-510 places jurisprudence in the first year after licensure and in later CE cycles; this permit is governed by its own qualifying requirements.
Licensing Waiver
RCW 18.130.077(1) waives initial education, training, experience and examinations; satisfy statutory disciplinary eligibility.
Other Credential
Hold an unrestricted active credential in the same profession from a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards.
Pending Background Check
All applicable qualifications satisfied except the fingerprint-based national background-check result; submit the fingerprint card and written permit request when notified.
Permit Duration
Permit ends upon grant of the credential, a decision notice unless extended by that notice, or 180 days after issuance.
Qualification Pathway
Qualify for endorsement through at least two immediately preceding years of a substantially equivalent credential, without an interruption over 90 days.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Military spouse temporary practice permit — ccc
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Additional Requirements
Permit may cover completion of additional requirements unrelated to training or practice standards.
Application
Submit the Washington credential application, fees and documentation.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No pending investigation, charges or disciplinary action by another regulatory body.
Future Education
WAC 246-828-510 places jurisprudence in the first year after licensure and in later CE cycles; this permit is governed by its own qualifying requirements.
Other Credential
Hold an unrestricted active credential in the same profession from a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards.
Permit Duration
Permit ends upon grant of the credential, a decision notice unless extended by that notice, or 180 days after issuance.
Qualification Pathway
Qualify for endorsement by current ASHA CCC in speech-language pathology and RCW 18.130.077(3) disciplinary eligibility.
Relationship
Spouse or registered domestic partner of a military person moving to Washington because of military transfer.
Request
Submit a written request and fingerprint card if required.
Service Documents
Provide transfer orders and the prescribed military identification, marriage license or domestic-partnership evidence.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Military spouse temporary practice permit — standard
Additional Requirements
Permit may cover completion of additional requirements unrelated to training or practice standards.
Application
Submit the Washington credential application, fees and documentation.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No pending investigation, charges or disciplinary action by another regulatory body.
Future Education
WAC 246-828-510 places jurisprudence in the first year after licensure and in later CE cycles; this permit is governed by its own qualifying requirements.
Other Credential
Hold an unrestricted active credential in the same profession from a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards.
Permit Duration
Permit ends upon grant of the credential, a decision notice unless extended by that notice, or 180 days after issuance.
Qualification Pathway
Meet the ordinary initial licensing qualifications; licensure history does not qualify for the mandatory two-year waiver.
Relationship
Spouse or registered domestic partner of a military person moving to Washington because of military transfer.
Request
Submit a written request and fingerprint card if required.
Service Documents
Provide transfer orders and the prescribed military identification, marriage license or domestic-partnership evidence.
Military spouse temporary practice permit — two years
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Additional Requirements
Permit may cover completion of additional requirements unrelated to training or practice standards.
Application
Submit the Washington credential application, fees and documentation.
Disciplinary Eligibility
No pending investigation, charges or disciplinary action by another regulatory body.
Future Education
WAC 246-828-510 places jurisprudence in the first year after licensure and in later CE cycles; this permit is governed by its own qualifying requirements.
Licensing Waiver
RCW 18.130.077(1) waives initial education, training, experience and examinations; satisfy statutory disciplinary eligibility.
Other Credential
Hold an unrestricted active credential in the same profession from a jurisdiction with substantially equivalent standards.
Permit Duration
Permit ends upon grant of the credential, a decision notice unless extended by that notice, or 180 days after issuance.
Qualification Pathway
Qualify for endorsement through at least two immediately preceding years of a substantially equivalent credential, without an interruption over 90 days.
Relationship
Spouse or registered domestic partner of a military person moving to Washington because of military transfer.
Request
Submit a written request and fingerprint card if required.
Service Documents
Provide transfer orders and the prescribed military identification, marriage license or domestic-partnership evidence.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Washington State Speech-language Pathology Jurisprudence Exam

Practice scope

Inferred from the examination name; the authority has not published an examination outline.

  • Chapter 18.35 RCW — Hearing and speech services
  • Chapter 246-828 WAC — Hearing and speech
  • Chapter 18.35A RCW — Audiology and speech-language pathology interstate compact
  • RCW 18.130.050 and 18.130.180 — Disciplining authority and unprofessional conduct
  • WAC 246-12-230 — Carrying over of continuing education credits
Examination sources

Speech-Language Pathology (5331)

Provider
Educational Testing Service (ETS); computer delivered at a test center or at home (online); ASHA announces a transition to PSI, a wholly owned ETS subsidiary, on January 11, 2027, with availability through ETS and Prometric through December 31, 2026
Format
Computer-delivered selected-response questions; the test may contain some questions that do not count toward the score; the score is based on the number of questions answered correctly
Exam questions
132 selected-response questions (approximately 44 in each of the three content categories)
Time limit
150 minutes
Passing score
States, institutions, and associations that require the test set their own passing scores; the passing score for purposes of ASHA certification is 162 on a 100-200 scale
Exam fee
$146.00
Examination outline
  • I. Foundations and Professional Practice (approximately 44 questions; approximately 33% of examination). Speech-language pathologists must have strong foundational knowledge about typical communication development, as well as common characteristics of communication and swallowing disorders and potential factors impacting communication. SLPs must also understand the professional practice requirements that support the provision of services. Knowledge about these requirements ensures that ethical, culturally competent services are provided within the framework of legislative and regulatory requirements and are founded in research.
    • A. Foundations — 1. Typical development and performance across the lifespan: a. developmental norms; b. speech sound and phonology; c. receptive and expressive language (–– syntax and morphology; –– semantics; –– pragmatics/social language); d. fluency; e. voice, resonance, and motor speech; f. feeding and swallowing; g. cognition; h. processing; i. motor and linguistic processes
    • A. Foundations — 2. Factors that influence communication, feeding, and swallowing: a. medical; b. cultural and ethnic; c. linguistic; d. psychological; e. anatomy/physiology; f. environmental; g. genetics; h. auditory
    • A. Foundations — 3. Epidemiology and characteristics of common communication and swallowing disorders: a. speech sound and phonology; b. syntax and morphology; c. semantics; d. pragmatics; e. fluency; f. voice, resonance, and motor speech; g. feeding and swallowing; h. cognition; i. processing
    • B. Professional Practice — 1. Wellness and prevention: a. prevention terminology, practices, and public education; b. risk factors for communication disorders
    • B. Professional Practice — 2. Culturally and linguistically appropriate service delivery: a. understanding, respecting, and responding to explicit and implicit cultural factors that influence communication; b. identifying the impact of assimilation and acculturation on communication patterns; c. communication differences between speakers of the same language
    • B. Professional Practice — 3. Counseling, collaboration, and teaming: a. interpersonal communication and counseling techniques; b. integration of other professionals into the assessment and treatment process; c. communication with patient/client/student, families, and other professionals
    • B. Professional Practice — 4. Documentation: a. legal and regulatory requirements; b. purposes of documentation; c. privacy requirements; d. official records
    • B. Professional Practice — 5. Ethics: a. standards of ethical practice (–– permissions, referrals, and record keeping; –– client/patient/student privacy; –– supervisory requirements; –– conflicts of interest; –– professional competence)
    • B. Professional Practice — 6. Legislation and client advocacy: a. federal laws and regulations impacting delivery of services; b. reporting requirements of governmental agencies; c. licensing requirements and standards
    • B. Professional Practice — 7. Research methodology and evidence-based practice: a. criterion for test selection; b. determining reliability of assessment procedures; c. models of research design; d. test construction principles; e. tenets of evidence-based practice
  • II. Screening, Assessment, Evaluation, and Diagnosis (approximately 44 questions; approximately 33% of examination). Speech-language pathologists use a variety of tools and strategies to gather information about clients with communication and swallowing disorders. They must synthesize and analyze the information to develop appropriate management plans. This section will focus on screening, assessment, evaluation, and diagnosis of communication and swallowing disorders. Topics include how SLPs use and interpret various screening and assessment tools to determine whether additional formal evaluation is indicated, as well as issues related to the selection of appropriate tools and approaches for screening, assessment, and evaluation. Identification of relevant factors from the case history, determining an appropriate assessment protocol, and interpretation of findings to determine a diagnosis and formulate recommendations are covered in this section of the exam, as well.
    • A. Screening — 1. Communication disorders: a. role of the SLP in screening for speech, language, and hearing disorders; b. screening procedures and approaches; c. identification of clients/patients and characteristics requiring further evaluation; d. knowledge of populations at risk for communication disorders
    • A. Screening — 2. Feeding and swallowing disorders: a. role of the SLP in screening for feeding and swallowing disorders; b. screening procedures and approaches; c. identification of clients/patients and characteristics which require further evaluation; d. knowledge of factors leading to increased risk of swallowing and feeding disorders in various populations
    • B. Approaches to Assessment and Evaluation — 1. Developing case histories: a. reviewing records for pertinent information; b. interviewing techniques to obtain pertinent information; c. integrating critical factors identified in the case history
    • B. Approaches to Assessment and Evaluation — 2. Selecting appropriate assessment instruments, procedures, and materials: a. identifying factors that influence test/procedure selection; b. identifying factors that require adaptation of traditional assessment procedures, instruments, and materials; c. selecting instrumental approaches that can be utilized to evaluate various communication and swallowing disorders (e.g., imaging, acoustic, aerodynamic, etc.)
    • B. Approaches to Assessment and Evaluation — 3. Assessing factors that influence communication and swallowing disorders: a. cultural and ethnic factors; b. linguistic factors; c. medical factors (e.g., stable versus progressive conditions, early versus late onset, etc.); d. developmental and cognitive factors; e. psychological factors; f. environmental factors
    • B. Approaches to Assessment and Evaluation — 4. Assessment of anatomy and physiology: a. assessment of pertinent anatomy, physiology, and neural substrates for: –– respiration; –– phonation; –– speech sound production; –– resonance; –– speech/language perception and processing; –– feeding and swallowing
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 1. Speech sound production: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. parameters of assessment of speech sound production; c. instrumental assessment of speech sound production; d. differential diagnosis of speech sound disorders; e. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 2. Fluency: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. parameters of assessment of fluency; c. instrumental assessment of fluency disorders; d. differential diagnosis of fluency disorders (e.g., stuttering versus cluttering); e. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 3. Voice, resonance, and motor speech: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. parameters of assessment of voice, resonance, and motor speech disorders; c. instrumental assessment of voice, resonance, and motor speech disorders; d. differential diagnosis of voice, resonance, and motor speech disorders; e. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 4. Receptive and expressive language: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. parameters of assessment of receptive and expressive language disorders; c. instrumental assessment of language disorders; d. differential diagnosis of language disorders; e. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 5. Social aspects of communication, including pragmatics: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. parameters of assessment of social aspects of communication, including pragmatics; c. differential diagnosis of social communication disorders and pragmatic disorders; d. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 6. Cognitive aspects of communication: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. parameters of assessment of cognitive communication disorders; c. differential diagnosis of cognitive communication disorders; d. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 7. Augmentative and alternative communication: a. standard and nonstandard assessment procedures; b. low tech and high tech instrumental assessment procedures; c. parameters of assessment for augmentative and alternative communication; d. interpretation of assessment data
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 8. Hearing: a. assessment approaches; b. considerations related to age, developmental status, medical condition, etc.; c. interpretation of assessment (e.g., audiograms and tympanograms) and identification of indicators for referral
    • C. Assessment Procedures and Assessment — 9. Feeding and swallowing: a. instrumental and noninstrumental assessment procedures; b. considerations related to age, developmental status, medical/surgical history, etc.; c. differential diagnosis of feeding and swallowing disorders; d. interpretation of assessment data and indications for referral
    • D. Etiology — 1. Genetic: a. modes of inheritance; b. genetic conditions associated with communication disorders and feeding/swallowing disorders, including common syndromes; c. features of common syndromes and their impact on communication and feeding/swallowing (e.g., Trisomy 21, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, etc.)
    • D. Etiology — 2. Developmental: a. developmental delay; b. congenital and acquired conditions associated with developmental communication and feeding/swallowing disorders
    • D. Etiology — 3. Disease processes: a. childhood (e.g., congenital vocal fold paralysis, cystic fibrosis); b. acquired (e.g., Bell’s palsy, iatrogenic); c. progressive (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myopathy)
    • D. Etiology — 4. Auditory problems: a. congenital and childhood hearing loss; b. acquired hearing loss
    • D. Etiology — 5. Neurological: a. congenital (e.g., cerebral palsy); b. acquired (e.g., TBI, neoplasms, stroke)
    • D. Etiology — 6. Structural and functional: a. congenital (e.g., craniofacial anomalies); b. acquired (e.g., head and neck surgery, trauma, and iatrogenic causes); c. functional causes (e.g., velopharyngeal mislearning, vocal misuse)
    • D. Etiology — 7. Psychogenic
  • III. Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation of Treatment (approximately 44 questions; approximately 33% of examination). Speech-language pathologists are responsible for designing and implementing evidence-based treatments to help clients maximize their functioning in communication and/or swallowing. Consequently, the test includes a range of items that pertain to treatment planning, implementation, and evaluation. This topic area includes issues related to the development and evaluation of treatment plans, as well as evidence-based principles and procedures associated with specific communication and swallowing disorders.
    • A. Treatment Planning — 1. Evaluating factors that can affect treatment: a. evaluating the evidence base associated with a particular treatment strategy or approach; b. evaluating the role of client factors such as age, disorder type, disorder severity, concomitant disorders, personal goals/aspirations, and sociocultural background when planning and implementing treatment goals; c. evaluating the role of external factors such as caregivers’ interactions with the client, school or workplace policies, public laws, medications and iatrogenic, and societal stereotypes when planning and implementing treatment goals
    • A. Treatment Planning — 2. Initiating and prioritizing treatment and developing goals: a. processes and procedures for developing comprehensive, appropriate treatment goals; b. processes and procedures associated with integrating assessment results, caregiver or client/patient/student preferences, and treatment outcomes research; c. factors that affect when to begin, modify, or terminate a treatment plan; d. factors that affect the order in which treatment goals are addressed
    • A. Treatment Planning — 3. Determining appropriate treatment details: a. factors related to treatment scheduling (e.g., number and duration of sessions, time and location of sessions); b. factors related to treatment delivery (e.g., individual versus group sessions, sequential or simultaneous targeting of goals); c. personnel requirements (e.g., extent to which caregivers, teachers, peers, etc., are involved with treatment); d. training requirements (e.g., extent to which caregivers, teachers, peers, etc., need to be trained prior to participating in treatment or implementing generalization activities)
    • A. Treatment Planning — 4. Generating a prognosis: a. considering/accounting for client/patient/student factors (e.g., age, motivation, nature of disorder) that can affect treatment outcome; b. considering/accounting for external factors (e.g., family support, availability of services) that can affect treatment outcome
    • A. Treatment Planning — 5. Communicating recommendations: a. procedures, requirements, and best practices for communicating treatment-related recommendations to clients/patients/students and (when appropriate) their family members; b. procedures, requirements, and best practices for communicating treatment-related recommendations to other professionals who are involved in the client/patient/student’s treatment plan; c. principles of interprofessional practice
    • A. Treatment Planning — 6. General treatment principles and procedures: a. general principles and procedures to consider when selecting a treatment (e.g., age, disorder, sociocultural background, severity of impairment, nature of disability)
    • B. Treatment Evaluation — 1. Establishing methods for monitoring treatment progress and outcomes to evaluate assessment and/or treatment plans: a. procedures associated with identifying appropriate measures of treatment progress and treatment outcomes; b. methods associated with measuring baseline performance; c. methods associated with measuring progress while treatment is ongoing; d. procedures associated with modifying progress measures, if necessary, while treatment is ongoing; e. methods associated with evaluating performance when treatment concludes (e.g., short- and long-term outcomes); f. methods associated with determining the social validity of treatment outcomes and the impact of treatment outcomes on a client/patient’s quality of life
    • B. Treatment Evaluation — 2. Follow-up on post-treatment referrals and recommendations
    • C. Treatment — 1. Speech sound production: a. principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of disorders that affect speech sound production; b. strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with speech sound production disorders or differences
    • C. Treatment — 2. Fluency: a. principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of fluency disorders; b. strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with fluency disorders
    • C. Treatment — 3. Voice, resonance, and motor speech: a. voice (–– principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of voice disorders; –– strategies and procedures for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with voice disorders); b. resonance (–– principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of resonance disorders; –– strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with resonance disorders); c. motor speech (–– principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of motor speech disorders; –– strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with motor speech disorder)
    • C. Treatment — 4. Receptive and expressive language: a. principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of receptive and expressive disorders; b. strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disabilities associated with receptive and expressive language functioning
    • C. Treatment — 5. Social aspects of communication, including pragmatics: a. principles and characteristics of interventions used to treat social aspects of communication, including pragmatics; b. strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with social aspects of communication
    • C. Treatment — 6. Communication impairments related to cognition: a. principles and characteristics of interventions used to treat communication impairments that are related to cognitive functioning; b. srategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with cognitively based communication impairments
    • C. Treatment — 7. Treatment involving augmentative and alternative communication: a. factors involved in determining candidacy for AAC approaches; b. factors involved in selecting an appropriate AAC approach; c. principles and characteristics of AAC options/strategies; strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating communicative and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability in those who use AAC
    • C. Treatment — 8. Hearing and aural rehabilitation: a. principles and characteristics of interventions used in the treatment of hearing loss; b. strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating speech-language and/or related (e.g., educational, occupational) disability associated with hearing impairment
    • C. Treatment — 9. Swallowing and feeding: a. rationale for selection of interventions used in the treatment of swallowing and feeding disorders based on evaluation data; b. other factors (outside of evaluation data) affecting the likelihood of success for a given treatment for feeding/swallowing disorders; c. strategies for preventing, reducing, or eliminating swallowing and feeding disorders; d. strategies for reducing the common health-related adverse consequences of swallowing and feeding disorders
Examination sources