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Colorado Real Estate Broker — Requirements & Free Practice

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Licenses, application pathways and examination requirements

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Associate Broker Level License

Individual real estate broker license at the associate level. Active and inactive status are recorded on this license; reinstatement does not establish a different license identity.

Licensing authority: Colorado Real Estate Commission, Division of Real Estate · Application information

Activate inactive license after more than 36 cumulative months
Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
Application
Activate using the Commission status-change application and fee, with required insurance and supervision.
Choice
Pass the Colorado state licensing examination or complete 48 hours Colorado Contracts and Regulations plus 24 hours Real Estate Closings. The educational alternative can excuse the examination.
Inactive Duration
Inactive longer than 36 months.
Activate inactive license after up to 36 cumulative months

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Activation
Use the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application and fee; associate active status requires an employing broker.
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Eligibility
License inactive up to 36 cumulative months; Reactivation Course eligibility and prior-cycle conditions apply.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Initial licensure — Licensed Attorney

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Licensed to practice law in a U.S. jurisdiction; provide proof of law license.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 12 hours in trust accounts, recordkeeping and real estate closings.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Real Estate Broker License Issued on or before December 31, 1996

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Former Colorado broker license issued on or before December 31, 1996, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 72 hours: Colorado contracts 48 and real estate closings 24.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Associate Broker Level License Issued After January 1, 1997

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Former Colorado associate license issued on or after January 1, 1997, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Commission verifies prior qualifying education; no new prescribed education.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Salesperson License Issued on or before December 31, 1996

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Former Colorado salesperson license issued on or before December 31, 1996, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 120 hours: Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Military covered license portability — servicemember
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Applicant
Active servicemember relocated to Colorado by military orders.
Attestation
Attest under penalty of perjury to identity, complete truthful application, knowledge of Colorado licensing and scope rules, compliance with portability requirements and good standing in every jurisdiction of current or prior licensure.
Background
Submit fingerprints under Rule 2.3.
Covered License
Hold a valid broker license or equivalent issued by another U.S. jurisdiction, in good standing, without revocation, imposed discipline, pending unprofessional-conduct investigation or surrender during such an investigation, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 4025a(f).
License Level
Covered license must be equivalent in authorized scope to the associate broker level.
Orders
Submit proof of military orders requiring relocation to Colorado.
Scope
Portability follows the scope of the covered license; remain subject to Colorado practice, discipline and continuing education requirements. The superseded manual's two-year active-use condition is not imported into the January 2026 rule.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Military covered license portability — spouse
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Applicant
Spouse of an active servicemember relocated to Colorado by military orders; submit marriage certificate.
Attestation
Attest under penalty of perjury to identity, complete truthful application, knowledge of Colorado licensing and scope rules, compliance with portability requirements and good standing in every jurisdiction of current or prior licensure.
Background
Submit fingerprints under Rule 2.3.
Covered License
Hold a valid broker license or equivalent issued by another U.S. jurisdiction, in good standing, without revocation, imposed discipline, pending unprofessional-conduct investigation or surrender during such an investigation, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 4025a(f).
License Level
Covered license must be equivalent in authorized scope to the associate broker level.
Orders
Submit proof of military orders requiring relocation to Colorado.
Scope
Portability follows the scope of the covered license; remain subject to Colorado practice, discipline and continuing education requirements. The superseded manual's two-year active-use condition is not imported into the January 2026 rule.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Initial licensure — New License

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Never held a real estate license in Colorado or any other jurisdiction.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Degree in real estate from an accredited college or university, or 168 hours: law and practice 48; Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Expired or Less than Two Years as a Real Estate Broker from another Jurisdiction

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Other-jurisdiction broker license is expired or held for less than two years.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 72 hours: Colorado contracts 48 and real estate closings 24.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Current Real Estate License from Another Jurisdiction Held for Two or More Years
Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
Applicant Category
Nonexpired salesperson or broker license from another U.S. jurisdiction held for at least two years, on active or inactive status; must remain nonexpired when applying.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
No prescribed qualifying education; national portion is waived.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Expired or Less than Two Years as a Real Estate Salesperson from Another Jurisdiction

All of the following:

Applicant Category
Other-jurisdiction salesperson license is expired or held for less than two years.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 120 hours: Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Reinstatement with activation — Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstatement with activation — More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one half the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one-half the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstatement with activation — More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstate expired license to inactive status — Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstate expired license to inactive status — More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one half the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one-half the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstate expired license to inactive status — More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Active license renewal after the initial exempt period

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Renewal while remaining inactive
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Renew and pay the renewal fee; CE compliance is required before future activation, not to remain inactive.
Status
Remain inactive and do not perform real estate brokerage services.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Renewal of initial license expiring in the year of issuance
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Submit renewal and fee; submit a one-time fingerprint check if required for active renewal.
Implementation Timing
Board application guide states that licenses issued November 1 through December 31 expire in the following calendar year; follow the expiration recorded on the license.
Insurance
Active practice requires errors and omissions insurance.
Timing
Initial license expires December 31 in its issuance year; C.R.S. 12-10-213(4) waives the ordinary continuing education requirement.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Employing Broker Level License

Individual real estate broker license at the employing level. Active and inactive status are recorded on this license; reinstatement does not establish a different license identity.

Licensing authority: Colorado Real Estate Commission, Division of Real Estate · Application information

Activate inactive license after more than 36 cumulative months
Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
Application
Activate using the Commission status-change application and fee, with required insurance and supervision.
Choice
Pass the Colorado state licensing examination or complete 48 hours Colorado Contracts and Regulations plus 24 hours Real Estate Closings. The educational alternative can excuse the examination.
Inactive Duration
Inactive longer than 36 months.
Activate inactive license after up to 36 cumulative months

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Activation
Use the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application and fee; associate active status requires an employing broker.
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Eligibility
License inactive up to 36 cumulative months; Reactivation Course eligibility and prior-cycle conditions apply.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Initial licensure — Licensed Attorney

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Licensed to practice law in a U.S. jurisdiction; provide proof of law license.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 12 hours in trust accounts, recordkeeping and real estate closings.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Real Estate Broker License Issued on or before December 31, 1996

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Former Colorado broker license issued on or before December 31, 1996, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 72 hours: Colorado contracts 48 and real estate closings 24.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Associate Broker Level License Issued After January 1, 1997

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Former Colorado associate license issued on or after January 1, 1997, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Commission verifies prior qualifying education; no new prescribed education.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Salesperson License Issued on or before December 31, 1996

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Former Colorado salesperson license issued on or before December 31, 1996, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 120 hours: Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Employing qualification for brokers licensed on December 31, 1996
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Prior License
Held a current and valid Colorado broker license on December 31, 1996.
Qualification
No additional experience and knowledge demonstration to act as an employing broker under Rule 2.5.C.1; continue to comply with applicable license renewal and insurance obligations.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Military covered license portability — servicemember
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Applicant
Active servicemember relocated to Colorado by military orders.
Attestation
Attest under penalty of perjury to identity, complete truthful application, knowledge of Colorado licensing and scope rules, compliance with portability requirements and good standing in every jurisdiction of current or prior licensure.
Background
Submit fingerprints under Rule 2.3.
Covered License
Hold a valid broker license or equivalent issued by another U.S. jurisdiction, in good standing, without revocation, imposed discipline, pending unprofessional-conduct investigation or surrender during such an investigation, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 4025a(f).
License Level
Covered license must be equivalent in authorized scope to the employing broker level.
Orders
Submit proof of military orders requiring relocation to Colorado.
Scope
Portability follows the scope of the covered license; remain subject to Colorado practice, discipline and continuing education requirements. The superseded manual's two-year active-use condition is not imported into the January 2026 rule.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Military covered license portability — spouse
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Applicant
Spouse of an active servicemember relocated to Colorado by military orders; submit marriage certificate.
Attestation
Attest under penalty of perjury to identity, complete truthful application, knowledge of Colorado licensing and scope rules, compliance with portability requirements and good standing in every jurisdiction of current or prior licensure.
Background
Submit fingerprints under Rule 2.3.
Covered License
Hold a valid broker license or equivalent issued by another U.S. jurisdiction, in good standing, without revocation, imposed discipline, pending unprofessional-conduct investigation or surrender during such an investigation, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 4025a(f).
License Level
Covered license must be equivalent in authorized scope to the employing broker level.
Orders
Submit proof of military orders requiring relocation to Colorado.
Scope
Portability follows the scope of the covered license; remain subject to Colorado practice, discipline and continuing education requirements. The superseded manual's two-year active-use condition is not imported into the January 2026 rule.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Initial licensure — Expired or Less than Two Years as a Real Estate Broker from another Jurisdiction

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Other-jurisdiction broker license is expired or held for less than two years.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 72 hours: Colorado contracts 48 and real estate closings 24.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Current Real Estate License from Another Jurisdiction Held for Two or More Years
Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Nonexpired salesperson or broker license from another U.S. jurisdiction held for at least two years, on active or inactive status; must remain nonexpired when applying.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
No prescribed qualifying education; national portion is waived.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Expired or Less than Two Years as a Real Estate Salesperson from Another Jurisdiction

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Other-jurisdiction salesperson license is expired or held for less than two years.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Brokerage Administration
Complete 24 hours of approved Brokerage Administration instruction and its provider-administered course-completion test; submit completion evidence.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Employing Qualification
At least two years of active brokerage practice within the preceding five years; provide the prescribed experience affidavit, worksheet and supporting documents demonstrating at least 50 points under Rule 2.5.C.3. Educational points are limited to 20 and current rules require advanced qualifying content.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 120 hours: Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Continuing employing qualification for employing licenses issued before January 1, 2018
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Prior License
Employing level issued after December 31, 1996 and before January 1, 2018.
Qualification
Demonstrate either two active employing-broker years during the five years preceding January 1, 2019; completion of the Employing Broker Refresher Course; or Rule 2.5.C.3 experience requirements. Course-completion and prior practice evidence are applicant conditions.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstatement with activation — Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstatement with activation — More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one half the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one-half the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstatement with activation — More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstate expired license to inactive status — Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstate expired license to inactive status — More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one half the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one-half the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstate expired license to inactive status — More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Active license renewal after the initial exempt period

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Renewal while remaining inactive
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Renew and pay the renewal fee; CE compliance is required before future activation, not to remain inactive.
Status
Remain inactive and do not perform real estate brokerage services.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Renewal of initial license expiring in the year of issuance
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Submit renewal and fee; submit a one-time fingerprint check if required for active renewal.
Implementation Timing
Board application guide states that licenses issued November 1 through December 31 expire in the following calendar year; follow the expiration recorded on the license.
Insurance
Active practice requires errors and omissions insurance.
Timing
Initial license expires December 31 in its issuance year; C.R.S. 12-10-213(4) waives the ordinary continuing education requirement.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Upgrade to employing broker on or after January 1, 2018
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Submit the upgrade application, completion and experience documents and fee.
Course
Complete the approved 24-hour Brokerage Administration course and its provider course-completion test. This is an education qualification; the documents do not identify a separate Commission-developed licensing examination or uniform examination version.
Experience
Satisfy Rule 2.5.C.3: two active brokerage years within five years and at least 50 points supported by the prescribed affidavit, worksheet and documents.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints if they were not supplied with the initial license.
License History
Applicants licensed elsewhere must provide a certified license history.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Real Estate Brokerage Firm License

Entity broker license for a partnership, corporation or limited liability company with a designated qualified broker.

Licensing authority: Colorado Real Estate Commission, Division of Real Estate · Application information

Entity broker licensure — corporation

All of the following:

Designated Broker
Designate a qualified active independent or employing broker responsible for management and supervision. The examination is a passed-examination statutory prerequisite; the designation can rely on the broker's existing qualifications.
Entity Type
corporation
Firm Renewal
Rule 3.11.A says brokerage firms do not renew their entity licenses; the associated independent or employing broker renews the individual license.
Implementation Procedure
Rule 2.10.A states entity registration, trade-name filing and designation certification requirements; it does not direct the already-qualified broker to repeat an examination.
Organization
Entity must be properly registered and in good standing with the Colorado Secretary of State; any trade name must be filed and accepted.
Entity broker licensure — limited liability company

All of the following:

Designated Broker
Designate a qualified active independent or employing broker responsible for management and supervision. The examination is a passed-examination statutory prerequisite; the designation can rely on the broker's existing qualifications.
Entity Type
limited liability company
Firm Renewal
Rule 3.11.A says brokerage firms do not renew their entity licenses; the associated independent or employing broker renews the individual license.
Implementation Procedure
Rule 2.10.A states entity registration, trade-name filing and designation certification requirements; it does not direct the already-qualified broker to repeat an examination.
Organization
Entity must be properly registered and in good standing with the Colorado Secretary of State; any trade name must be filed and accepted.
Entity broker licensure — partnership

All of the following:

Designated Broker
Designate a qualified active independent or employing broker responsible for management and supervision. The examination is a passed-examination statutory prerequisite; the designation can rely on the broker's existing qualifications.
Entity Type
partnership
Firm Renewal
Rule 3.11.A says brokerage firms do not renew their entity licenses; the associated independent or employing broker renews the individual license.
Implementation Procedure
Rule 2.10.A states entity registration, trade-name filing and designation certification requirements; it does not direct the already-qualified broker to repeat an examination.
Organization
Entity must be properly registered and in good standing with the Colorado Secretary of State; any trade name must be filed and accepted.

Independent Broker Level License

Individual real estate broker license at the independent level. Active and inactive status are recorded on this license; reinstatement does not establish a different license identity.

Licensing authority: Colorado Real Estate Commission, Division of Real Estate · Application information

Activate inactive license after more than 36 cumulative months
Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
Application
Activate using the Commission status-change application and fee, with required insurance and supervision.
Choice
Pass the Colorado state licensing examination or complete 48 hours Colorado Contracts and Regulations plus 24 hours Real Estate Closings. The educational alternative can excuse the examination.
Inactive Duration
Inactive longer than 36 months.
Activate inactive license after up to 36 cumulative months

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Activation
Use the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application and fee; associate active status requires an employing broker.
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Eligibility
License inactive up to 36 cumulative months; Reactivation Course eligibility and prior-cycle conditions apply.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Initial licensure — Licensed Attorney

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Licensed to practice law in a U.S. jurisdiction; provide proof of law license.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 12 hours in trust accounts, recordkeeping and real estate closings.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Real Estate Broker License Issued on or before December 31, 1996

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Former Colorado broker license issued on or before December 31, 1996, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 72 hours: Colorado contracts 48 and real estate closings 24.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Associate Broker Level License Issued After January 1, 1997

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Former Colorado associate license issued on or after January 1, 1997, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Commission verifies prior qualifying education; no new prescribed education.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
New application after expiration beyond three years — Expired Colorado Salesperson License Issued on or before December 31, 1996

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Former Colorado salesperson license issued on or before December 31, 1996, expired beyond the three-year reinstatement period.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 120 hours: Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Military covered license portability — servicemember
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Applicant
Active servicemember relocated to Colorado by military orders.
Attestation
Attest under penalty of perjury to identity, complete truthful application, knowledge of Colorado licensing and scope rules, compliance with portability requirements and good standing in every jurisdiction of current or prior licensure.
Background
Submit fingerprints under Rule 2.3.
Covered License
Hold a valid broker license or equivalent issued by another U.S. jurisdiction, in good standing, without revocation, imposed discipline, pending unprofessional-conduct investigation or surrender during such an investigation, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 4025a(f).
License Level
Covered license must be equivalent in authorized scope to the independent broker level.
Orders
Submit proof of military orders requiring relocation to Colorado.
Scope
Portability follows the scope of the covered license; remain subject to Colorado practice, discipline and continuing education requirements. The superseded manual's two-year active-use condition is not imported into the January 2026 rule.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Military covered license portability — spouse
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Applicant
Spouse of an active servicemember relocated to Colorado by military orders; submit marriage certificate.
Attestation
Attest under penalty of perjury to identity, complete truthful application, knowledge of Colorado licensing and scope rules, compliance with portability requirements and good standing in every jurisdiction of current or prior licensure.
Background
Submit fingerprints under Rule 2.3.
Covered License
Hold a valid broker license or equivalent issued by another U.S. jurisdiction, in good standing, without revocation, imposed discipline, pending unprofessional-conduct investigation or surrender during such an investigation, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 4025a(f).
License Level
Covered license must be equivalent in authorized scope to the independent broker level.
Orders
Submit proof of military orders requiring relocation to Colorado.
Scope
Portability follows the scope of the covered license; remain subject to Colorado practice, discipline and continuing education requirements. The superseded manual's two-year active-use condition is not imported into the January 2026 rule.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Initial licensure — Expired or Less than Two Years as a Real Estate Broker from another Jurisdiction

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Other-jurisdiction broker license is expired or held for less than two years.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 72 hours: Colorado contracts 48 and real estate closings 24.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Current Real Estate License from Another Jurisdiction Held for Two or More Years
Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Nonexpired salesperson or broker license from another U.S. jurisdiction held for at least two years, on active or inactive status; must remain nonexpired when applying.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
No prescribed qualifying education; national portion is waived.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Initial licensure — Expired or Less than Two Years as a Real Estate Salesperson from Another Jurisdiction

All of the following:

Active Broker Experience
At least two years of active broker licensure before applying. Salesperson, sales-agent or other experience not equivalent to broker experience does not count.
Applicant Category
Other-jurisdiction salesperson license is expired or held for less than two years.
Application
Submit the Commission application, applicable education certificates or transcripts, required supporting documents and fee.
Character
Applicant must establish truthfulness, honesty, good moral character and competency; disclose criminal history and professional discipline and provide required records.
Fingerprints
Submit fingerprints for the Colorado and national criminal history record check before applying; the Division must receive and review the results.
Insurance
Acquire errors and omissions insurance before active licensure.
License History
Certified history from every jurisdiction of current or prior real estate licensure, dated within 90 days before the application and including disciplinary actions.
Minimum Age
Applicant must be at least 18 years old under C.R.S. 12-10-203(4)(a).
Qualifying Education
Complete 120 hours: Colorado contracts 48; closings 24; trust accounts 8; current legal issues 8; practical applications 32.
Scores And Status
A passing score on either required portion is valid for one year; education must be completed before taking the examination. An inactive initial license can be issued; active practice requires errors and omissions insurance and, for an associate broker, employing-broker supervision.
Reinstatement with activation — Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstatement with activation — More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one half the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one-half the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstatement with activation — More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Application
Board reinstatement first returns the license to inactive status; submit the Transfer / Activate / Inactivate application to activate it.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Expiration Window
More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Reinstate expired license to inactive status — Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
Within 31 days of expiration; pay the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstate expired license to inactive status — More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one half the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
More than 31 days but within one year of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to one-half the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Reinstate expired license to inactive status — More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Expiration Window
More than one year but within three years of expiration; renewal fee plus reinstatement fee equal to the renewal fee.
Instruction Conflict
Rule 3.15.B/C measures the renewal period from the prior expiration. The current Board reinstatement page states that the expiration date is December 31 of the reinstatement year; the applicant should follow the expiration recorded by the Board.
Status
The Board issues reinstatement to inactive status; to obtain active status submit a separate activation application and demonstrate applicable CE and insurance.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Active license renewal after the initial exempt period

At least one of the following alternatives:

  • Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion (practice unavailable)
  • Annual Commission Update Course Examination (practice unavailable)
Annual Version
The current 2026 Annual Commission Update examination is a leaf only for the Update-course alternative. Prior years cannot be made up; completion of earlier discontinued annual course versions is prior evidence in conditions. Three different annual course versions are needed when relying on the ordinary 24-hour method.
Board Instructions
The current Board continuing education page says: "All active real estate brokers are required to attend the course each year and pass the exam." C.R.S. 12-10-213(1) and Rule 4.2 retain the examination and educational alternatives; the implementing-page demand is retained here as an applicant instruction.
Education Alternatives
Rule 4.2 permits 24 hours including three different annual 4-hour Commission Updates and 12 elective hours; the eligible 24-hour Broker Reactivation Course; passing the Colorado licensing exam; or 72 hours of Colorado contracts and real estate closings. Nonexam instruction is an applicant condition and is not a no_exam child in the alternative examination tree.
Insurance
Maintain required errors and omissions coverage for active practice.
Reactivation Course
The Broker Reactivation Course and its provider completion test may be used by active brokers only every other cycle, or when inactive/expired for up to 36 cumulative months and unable to satisfy ordinary Update-based education. This course requirement does not identify a uniform Commission-developed examination version.
Registration
For the state licensing examination as a CE method, PSI directs candidates to select the Continuing Education examination registration category.
Retention
Retain course completion evidence for at least four years; submitting an application attests to compliance.
Renewal while remaining inactive
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Renew and pay the renewal fee; CE compliance is required before future activation, not to remain inactive.
Status
Remain inactive and do not perform real estate brokerage services.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Renewal of initial license expiring in the year of issuance
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Application
Submit renewal and fee; submit a one-time fingerprint check if required for active renewal.
Implementation Timing
Board application guide states that licenses issued November 1 through December 31 expire in the following calendar year; follow the expiration recorded on the license.
Insurance
Active practice requires errors and omissions insurance.
Timing
Initial license expires December 31 in its issuance year; C.R.S. 12-10-213(4) waives the ordinary continuing education requirement.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Upgrade from associate to independent broker
No examination is required for this applicant pathway.
Active Experience
Hold associate broker licensure on active status for at least two years preceding the application.
Application
Submit the upgrade application, relevant experience documentation and fee.

Official no-examination sources

Effective from 2026-09-22.

Annual Commission Update Course Examination

Provider
Commission-approved Annual Commission Update course providers
Format
Written or online end-of-course examination developed by the Commission
Passing score
70 percent
Examination outline
  • Update of current statutes and Commission rules affecting real estate practice
Examination sources

Colorado Real Estate Broker Examination — State Portion

Provider
PSI Services LLC
Format
Computer-administered examination; registration category differs for initial, reciprocal and continuing education candidates
Exam questions
74 scored questions
Time limit
110 minutes
Passing score
53 correct answers
Examination outline
  • Duties and Powers of the Real Estate Commission
    • General Powers of the Real Estate Commission
    • Investigations or Audits, Hearings and Appeals; Criminal Violations; License Law Violations
  • Licensing Requirements
    • Types of Licenses/Corporations
    • Acts Requiring a License
    • License Maintenance: Renewal, Changes, Expiration, Suspension, Inactive Status, and Continuing Education
    • License Qualifications and Exemptions
    • Errors and Omissions Insurance
  • Requirements Governing the Activities of Licensees
    • Advertising; Trade Names
    • Brokerage Administration
    • Brokerage Administration — Employer/Employee Relationships
    • Brokerage Administration — Place of Business Requirements
    • Brokerage Administration — Office Policy Requirements
    • Commissions, Rebates, Referrals, & Fees; Inducements from Settlement Service Providers
    • Disclosure of Conflict of Interest or Licensed Status
    • Handling of Documents
    • Listings
    • Practice of Law/Seller Financing
    • Unlicensed Personal Assistants
    • Sign Crossing
  • Additional Topics
    • Property Management; Landlord Tenant Act
    • Water Rights & Disclosures; Well Change of Ownership
    • Colorado Taxes
    • Colorado Fair Housing Act
    • Foreclosure Protection Act & Processes
  • Colorado Forms and Contracts
    • Listing Contracts and Buyer Representation Agreements
    • Contracts to Buy and Sell Real Estate (incl. new disclosures)
    • Use of Standard Forms
    • Deeds of Trust/Promissory Notes
    • Disclosure Documents
    • Addenda to Contracts (Including Foreclosure Property Addendum, Short Sales)
    • Counterproposal Form
    • Closing Instructions
    • Seller Financing
  • Record Keeping and Trust Accounts
    • Transaction Record Keeping
    • Trust Accounts
    • Trust Accounts — Account Requirements
    • Trust Accounts — Delivery of Funds to Broker or Title Company
    • Trust Accounts — Trust Account Record Keeping
  • Closing and Settlement
    • Computation of Proration
    • Responsibility for Accuracy of Closing Statements
    • Ensuring that Closing Statements Match Contract Instructions
    • Responsibilities of Parties at Closing
    • Closing Documents
  • Brokerage Relationships
    • Brokerage Relationship Disclosure
    • Transaction Brokerage
    • Single Agent
    • Designated Brokers
Examination sources

National Broker Exam — National Portion (Real Estate Principles and Practices)

Provider
PSI Services LLC
Format
National portion of state real estate broker licensing examinations with its own minimum passing score; scenario-based questions with more than four options and one best answer, each option weighted zero, one or two points; candidates who fail one portion retake only that portion
Examination outline
  • I. Property Ownership (Broker 10%) (10%)
    • A. Real and personal property; conveyances
    • B. Land characteristics and legal descriptions: 1. Metes and bounds method of legal property description; 2. Lot and block (recorded plat) method of legal property description; 3. Government survey (rectangular survey) method of legal property description; 4. Measuring structures (linear and square footage); 5. Land measurement
    • C. Encumbrances and effects on property ownership: 1. Types of liens and their effect on the title and value of real property; 2. Easements, rights of way and licenses, including their effect on the title, value and use of real property; 3. Encroachments and their effect on the title, value and use of real property; 4. Potential encumbrances on title, such as probate, leases, or adverse possession; 5. Property rights that may be conveyed separately from use of the land surface, such as mineral and other subsurface rights, air rights, or water rights
    • D. Types of ownership: 1. Ownership in severalty/sole ownership; 2. Implications of ownership as tenants in common; 3. Implications of ownership in joint tenancy; 4. Forms of common-interest ownership, such as Timeshares, Condominiums and Co-ops; 5. Property ownership held in a trust or by an estate; 6. Ownership by business entities; 7. Life Estate ownership
  • II. Land use Controls (Broker 5%) (5%)
    • A. Government rights in land: 1. Government rights to impose property taxes and special assessments; 2. Government rights to acquire land through eminent domain, condemnation and escheat
    • B. Government controls on land use
    • C. Private controls: 1. Deed conditions or restrictions on property use; 2. Subdivision covenants, conditions and restrictions (CC&Rs) on property use; 3. Condominium and owners’ associations regulations or bylaws on property use
  • III. Valuation (Broker 8%) (8%)
    • A. Appraisals: 1. Appraisals for valuation of real property; 2. Situations which require appraisal by a licensed or certified appraiser and brokerage-related actions that constitute unauthorized appraisal practice; 3. General steps in appraisal process
    • B. Estimating Value: 1. Economic principles and property characteristics that affect value of real property; 2. Sales or market comparison approach to property valuation and appropriate uses; 3. Cost approach to property valuation and appropriate uses; 4. Income analysis approach to property valuation and appropriate uses
    • C. Comparative Market Analysis (CMA): 1. Competitive/Comparative Market Analysis (CMA), BPO or equivalent; 2. Automated Valuation Method (AVM), appraisal valuation and Comparative Market Analysis (CMA)
  • IV. Financing (Broker 9%) (9%)
    • A. Basic Concepts and Terminology: 1. Loan financing (for example, points, LTV, PMI, interest, PITI); 2. General underwriting process (e.g., debt ratios, credit scoring and history); 3. Standard mortgage/deed of trust clauses and conditions; 4. Essential elements of a promissory note
    • B. Types of Loans: 1. Conventional loans; 2. Amortized loans, partially amortized (balloon) loans, interest-only loans; 3. Adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) loans; 4. Government Loans — a. FHA insured loans; b. VA guaranteed loans; c. USDA/Rural Development loan programs; 5. Owner financing (for example, installment or land contract/contract for deed); 6. Reverse-mortgage loans; 7. Home equity loans and lines of credit; 8. Construction loans; 9. Rehab loans; 10. Bridge loans
    • C. Financing and Lending: 1. Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA), including kickbacks; 2. Truth-in-Lending Act (Regulation Z), including advertising; 3. Requirements and time frames of TRID (TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosures); 4. Equal Credit Opportunity Act; 5. Lending Process (application through loan closing); 6. Risky loan features, such as prepayment penalties and balloon payments
  • V. Contracts (Broker 19%) (19%)
    • A. General Contract Law: 1. General principles of contract law; 2. Elements necessary for a contract to be valid; 3. Effect of the Statute of Frauds; 4. Offer and a contract; 5. Enforceability of contracts; 6. Void, voidable and unenforceable contracts; 7. Bilateral and unilateral contracts; 8. Nature and use of option agreements; 9. Notice, delivery, acceptance and execution of contracts; 10. Appropriate use, risks, and advantages of electronic signatures and paperless transactions; 11. Rights and obligations of the parties to a contract; 12. Possible remedies for breach or non-performance of contract; 13. Termination, rescission and cancellation of contracts
    • B. Purchase and Lease Contracts: 1. Addenda and amendments to contracts; 2. Purchase agreements; 3. Contract contingencies and methods for satisfying them; 4. Leases and rental agreements; 5. Lease-purchase agreements; 6. Types of leases
    • C. Proper handling of multiple offers and counteroffers
  • VI. Agency (Broker 13%) (13%)
    • A. Agency and non-agency relationships: 1. Agency relationships and how they are established; 2. Types of listing contracts; 3. Buyer brokerage/tenant representation contracts; 4. Other brokerage relationships, including transaction brokers and facilitators; 5. Powers of attorney and other assignments of authority; 6. Conditions for termination of agency or brokerage service agreements
    • B. Agent Duties: 1. Fiduciary duties of agents; 2. Agent's duties to customers/non-clients, including honesty and good faith
    • C. Agency Disclosures: 1. Disclosure of agency/representation; 2. Disclosure of possible conflict of interest or self-interest
  • VII. Property Disclosures (Broker 7%) (7%)
    • A. Property Condition: 1. Seller's property condition disclosure requirements; 2. Property conditions that may warrant inspections or a survey; 3. Red flags that warrant investigation of public or private land use controls
    • B. Environmental and Government Disclosures: 1. Environmental issues requiring disclosure; 2. Federal, state, or local disclosure requirements regarding the property
    • C. Disclosure of material facts and material defects
  • VIII. Property Management (Broker 5%) (5%)
    • A. Duties and Responsibilities: 1. Procurement and qualification of prospective tenants; 2. Fair housing and ADA compliance specific to property management; 3. How to complete a market analysis to identify factors in setting rents or lease rates; 4. Property manager responsibility for maintenance, improvements, reporting and risk management (BROKER ONLY); 5. Handling landlord and tenant funds; trust accounts, reports and disbursements (BROKER ONLY); 6. Provisions of property management contracts (BROKER ONLY)
    • B. Landlord and tenant rights and obligations
  • IX. Transfer of Title (Broker 6%) (6%)
    • A. Types of deeds
    • B. Title Insurance and Searches: 1. Title insurance policies and title searches; 2. Potential title problems and resolutions; 3. Marketable and insurable title
    • C. Closing Process: 1. When transfer of ownership becomes effective; 2. Process and importance of recordation; 3. Settlement procedures (closing) and parties involved; 4. Home and new construction warranties
    • D. Special Processes: 1. Special issues in transferring foreclosed properties; 2. Special issues in short sale transactions; 3. Special issues in probate transactions
  • X. Practice of Real Estate (Broker 12%) (12%)
    • A. Antidiscrimination: 1. Federal Fair Housing Act general principles and exemptions; 2. Protected classes under Federal Fair Housing Act; 3. Protections against discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation; 4. Prohibited conduct under Federal Fair Housing Act (Redlining, Blockbusting, Steering, Disparate Treatment); 5. Fair housing advertising rules; 6. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) obligations pertaining to accessibility and reasonable accommodations
    • B. Legislation and Regulations: 1. Licensees’ status as employees or independent contractors; 2. Antitrust laws and types of violations, fines and penalties; 3. Do-Not-Call List rule compliance; 4. Proper use of Social Media and Internet communication and advertising
    • C. Duties and Responsibilities: 1. Protection of confidential personal information (written, verbal or electronic); 2. Duties when handling funds of others in transactions; 3. Licensee responsibility for due diligence in real estate transactions
    • D. Supervisory Responsibilities (BROKER ONLY): 1. Broker's supervisory responsibilities (licensees, teams and unlicensed assistants and employees) (BROKER ONLY); 2. Broker relationship with licensees (employees or independent contractors and governing rules) (BROKER ONLY)
  • XI. Real Estate Calculations (Broker 6%) (6%)
    • A. Calculations for Transactions: 1. Seller’s net proceeds; 2. Buyer funds needed at closing; 3. Real property tax and other prorations; 4. Real property transfer fees; 5. PITI (Principal, Interest, Taxes and Insurance) payments estimate given loan rate and term
    • B. General Concepts: 1. Equity; 2. Rate of return/Capitalization rate; 3. Loan-to-Value ratio; 4. Discount points and loan origination fees
Examination sources