CNA Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing Certification Exam — Information & Free Practice

About CNA Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing Certification Exam

CNA Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing Certification Exam · CA

Key exam facts

Provider

Canadian Nurses Association (CNA), certification owner; blueprint developed collaboratively with Meazure Learning and Canadian NSWOCs. Meazure Learning provides testing services; ProctorU provides online proctoring.

Format

Computer-based multiple-choice examination, remotely proctored at home or in selected Canadian test centres. Approximately 50–60% independent questions and 40–50% case-based questions.

Exam questions

Total questions: 160–165.

Time limit

Four hours (240 minutes) to complete the examination; this is answer time, not a statement of total appointment or check-in time.

Passing score

Criterion-referenced pass standard set by the specialty committee using a modified Angoff method and statistical review. CNA explicitly states that the exam pass mark is not published; results are pass or unsuccessful.

Exam fee

Initial application: $588 for CNA members or $780 for non-members; rewrite: $378/$500, available after an unsuccessful attempt for the next two calendar years. Application fees include a $130 non-refundable administrative fee. Add a separate $85 online or $110 in-person appointment fee and applicable taxes. Canadian fee schedule; the page displays dollar symbols without explicitly naming a currency code.

Topics covered

The authority publishes percentage ranges for each content area. The practice percentages below use the midpoint of each range, normalized to 100%; they are not exact percentages published by the authority. Practice question counts may differ slightly because of rounding.

• Integumentary System — Official range: 5–10% (Practice allocation: 7.5%)

  • General Principles of the Integumentary System
  • Assessment of the Integumentary System
  • Principles of Integumentary Management
  • Describes the anatomy of the integumentary system (e.g., epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, accessory organs).
  • Describes the physiology and function of the integumentary system (protection, immune response, thermoregulation, sensation, metabolism, communication, identification).
  • Identifies factors affecting integumentary integrity (e.g., medications, nutrition, hydration, age).
  • Recognizes the indications for integumentary products and appropriate applications (e.g., moisturizers, creams, no-rinse cleansers, protective barriers).
  • Demonstrates a focused assessment of the integumentary system including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., presenting symptoms, allergies, lifestyle factors, self-care ability, diagnostic and laboratory tests); and
  • biopsychosocial (e.g., cognitive status, quality of life, socio-economic status), gestational age).
  • Identifies integumentary system risk factors.
  • Recognizes factors contributing to integumentary alteration (e.g., effects of medication, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, nutrition, age).
  • Manages integumentary environment:
  • prevents and manages infection;
  • cleanses skin;
  • maintains and restores moisture balance (e.g., adds moisture, protects from excess moisture);
  • maintains and restores pH;
  • protects integumentary from trauma and contamination (e.g., pressure, skin tears);
  • maintains thermal environment (e.g., internal, external);
  • teaches avoidance of ultraviolet radiation; and
  • manages pain.
  • Evaluates integumentary assessment data to adjust treatment plan.
  • Collaborates with other health-care professionals about clients with integumentary alterations.
  • Explains to clients, caregivers and health-care providers the prevention and treatment of integumentary alterations.

• Wounds — Official range: 30–40% (Practice allocation: 35%)

  • General Principles of Wounds
  • Assessment of Wounds
  • Principles of Wound Management
  • Wound Types
  • Integumentary alteration (e.g., medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI), moisture-associated skin damage (MASD), infectious factors, allergic factors, radiation)
  • Pressure injury
  • Venous leg ulcers
  • Arterial wounds
  • Mixed venous/arterial leg ulcers
  • Neuropathic
  • Lymphedema
  • Surgical wounds
  • Skin tears and traumatic wounds
  • Thermal wounds
  • Atypical wounds
  • Oncology wounds
  • Skin changes at life’s end
  • Describes the physiology of wound healing including:
  • repair;
  • regeneration;
  • hemostasis;
  • inflammation;
  • proliferation; and
  • remodeling/maturation.
  • Identifies characteristics of the wound environment affecting wound healing (e.g., moisture, growth factors, MMPs).
  • Demonstrates a focused assessment of a client with a wound including:
  • comprehensive history and physical; and
  • biopsychosocial.
  • Identifies intrinsic and extrinsic factors impacting healing.
  • Completes and documents an initial and ongoing wound assessment including:
  • wound type and etiology;
  • location;
  • extent of tissue damage (e.g., classification, staging);
  • phase of healing;
  • wound dimensions;
  • undermining, sinus tracts, tunnels;
  • wound bed tissue types and amounts;
  • wound edges (e.g., attached, epibole);
  • exudate type and volume;
  • periwound skin condition (e.g., induration, edema, colour);
  • presence of infection or inflammation;
  • odour;
  • pain; and
  • validated assessment tool (e.g., Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool).
  • Differentiates wound healing potential (e.g., healable, nonhealable, maintenance).
  • Recognizes contributing factors related to wounds (e.g., nutrition).
  • Manages wound bed preparation:
  • prevents and manages infection and inflammation;
  • describes the role and management of biofilm in chronic wounds;
  • describes appropriate use of culturing techniques;
  • cleanses wound and periwound;
  • removes nonviable tissue;
  • maintains moisture balance;
  • maintains and restores pH;
  • eliminates dead space;
  • controls odour;
  • protects wound from trauma and contamination;
  • protects periwound skin;
  • maintains thermal environment; and
  • manages pain.
  • Evaluates wound assessment data to adjust treatment plan.
  • Collaborates with other health-care professionals regarding clients with wounds.
  • Explains wound prevention and treatment to clients, caregivers and health-care providers.
  • Describes the indications for and appropriate use of wound care products.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with integumentary alteration including:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • integumentary assessment; and
  • wound assessment (e.g., GLOBIAD - Ghent Global IAD Categorization Tool).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with integumentary alteration.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent and manage integumentary alteration that align with patient’s goals for care.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with a pressure injury including:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • wound assessment (e.g., NPUAP staging); and
  • risk assessment utilizing validated tools (e.g. Braden Scale).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with a pressure injury.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent and manage pressure injury based on potential to heal.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with venous leg ulcers including:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • lower limb assessment (e.g., Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI), Toe Brachial pressure (TBI), edema, capillary refill, gait, range of motion);
  • wound assessment; and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with venous leg ulcers.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent recurrence of venous leg ulcers.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage venous leg ulcers.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with an arterial wound including:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • lower limb assessment (e.g., Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI), Toe Brachial pressure (TBI), edema, temperature, capillary refill, musculature);
  • wound assessment; and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with an arterial wound.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent arterial wounds.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage arterial wounds based on potential for healing.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with mixed venous/arterial leg ulcer:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • mixed venous/arterial leg ulcer assessment (e.g., Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI), Toe Brachial pressure (TBI, edema, calf muscle pump capillary refill;
  • comprehensive wound assessment; and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with mixed venous/arterial leg ulcer.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent mixed venous/arterial leg ulcer.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage mixed venous/arterial leg ulcer based on potential for healing.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with a neuropathic ulcer:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., presence and duration of diabetes, previous ulceration, blood glucose, HgbA1c);
  • lower limb assessment (e.g., identification of motor, sensory and autonomic neuropathy, Toe Brachial pressure [TBI]);
  • wound assessment; and
  • skin assessment.
  • Identifies risk/wound classification for ulceration and amputation (e.g., Wagner, University of Texas, Lower Extremity Amputation Prevention).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with a neuropathic ulcer.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent neuropathic ulceration.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage neuropathic ulceration based on potential for healing.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with primary and secondary lymphedema:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • assessment of affected body part;
  • wound assessment; and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with primary and secondary lymphedema.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage primary and secondary lymphedema (e.g., compression garments, skin care).
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with surgical wounds including:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • wound assessment (e.g., healing ridge, seroma, hematoma, fistula, abscess, necrosis); and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with surgical wounds.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage surgical wounds and prevent complications (e.g., surgical site infection).
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with a skin tear or traumatic wound including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., history of skin tears, mechanism of injury);
  • educates others about initial first aid (e.g., bleeding control, tetnus immunization status);
  • wound assessment and staging using validated tool (e.g., ISTAP Skin Tear Classification system);
  • skin assessment (e.g., skin turgor, skin maturity, skin changes associated with aging); and
  • risk assessment (e.g., ISTAP Risk Assessment Pathway).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with a skin tear or a traumatic wound.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent skin tears or traumatic wounds (e.g., self-inflicted, implementing twice daily skin moisturizing).
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage skin tears or traumatic wounds.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with a thermal wound including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., circumstances, exposure to chemical agents, electricity, extreme temperatures);
  • wound assessment (e.g., infection, Lund-Browder, Rule of nines, calculation of area); and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with a thermal wound.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent recurrence of thermal injury.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage thermal injury (e.g., manage pruritus).
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with atypical wounds including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., pyoderma gangrenosum, vasculitis, comorbidities such as scleroderma, systemic lupus, bullous pemphigoid, epidermolysis bullosa);
  • wound assessment (e.g., pain); and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with atypical wounds.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage a client with atypical wounds.
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with an oncology wound including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., oncology treatment);
  • wound assessment (e.g., location and relation to underlying structures, odour, extent of tissue erosion, bleeding, pain, satellite lesions); and
  • skin assessment.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with an oncology wound.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent radiation dermatitis.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage oncology wounds (e.g., control bleeding, bioburden/infection, protect periwound skin, aesthetics, symptom management, pruritus).
  • Interprets data related to a client presenting with skin changes at life’s end including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., underlying comorbidities, treatments);
  • educates others about skin changes and care goals at life’s end;
  • wound assessment;
  • skin assessment (e.g. skin failure); and
  • risk assessment (e.g., frailty, degree of skin failure).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with skin changes at life’s end.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent and manage skin breakdown at life’s end (e.g., implementing twice daily skin moisturizing).
  • Collaborates with the interprofessional team to explore available treatment options, accepted by the person, for physical, psychosocial and spiritual symptom management.

• Ostomy, Fistula, Percutaneous Sites — Official range: 20–30% (Practice allocation: 25%)

  • General Principles of Ostomy, Fistula and Percutaneous Sites
  • Gastrointestinal
  • Genitourinary
  • Sexuality and Reproduction
  • Assessment of Ostomy, Fistula, Percutaneous Sites
  • Principles of Ostomy, Fistula and Percutaneous Site Management
  • Fecal and Urinary Diversions (Colostomy, Ileostomy, Urostomy)
  • Colostomy
  • Ileostomy
  • Urostomy
  • Continent Diversions
  • Fecal diversions
  • Urinary diversions
  • Fistula and Percutaneous Sites
  • Fistula
  • Percutaneous sites
  • Containment Products and Accessories
  • Describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal system (e.g., upper gastrointestinal tract, small intestine, large intestine, accessory organs).
  • Describes the physiology of the gastrointestinal system (e.g., motility, absorption, secretion, elimination and storage).
  • Describes the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal system including:
  • inflammatory;
  • infectious;
  • ischemic;
  • obstructive;
  • malignant;
  • other (e.g., familial adenomatous polyposis, intestinal trauma); and
  • congenital.
  • Describes surgical procedures involving the gastrointestinal system (e.g., abdominoperineal resection, low anterior resection, Hartmann’s procedure, subtotal colectomy, ileorectal anastomosis, total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy, ileoanal anastomosis):
  • types of continent diversions; and
  • stoma construction.
  • Describes the anatomy of the urinary system (e.g., upper urinary tract, lower urinary tract).
  • Describes the physiology of the urinary system (e.g., urine formation and elimination, homeostasis).
  • Describes the pathophysiology of the urinary system including:
  • congenital (e.g., cloacal exstrophy, cloacal anomaly, bladder exstrophy, prune belly syndrome, myelomeningocele);
  • malignancy; and
  • other (e.g., trauma, interstitial cystitis, neurogenic).
  • Describes surgical procedures involving the urinary system:
  • indications and types of incontinent urinary diversions; and
  • indications and types of continent urinary diversions.
  • Describes the anatomy of the male and female reproductive systems.
  • Describes the physiology of the male and female reproductive systems.
  • Describes the pathophysiology of surgical procedures on sexual function and reproduction.
  • Demonstrates a focused assessment of a client with an ostomy, fistula or percutaneous site including:
  • comprehensive history and physical;
  • biopsychosocial (e.g., quality of life, socio-economic status, body image, culture, impact of disease on self and family dynamics, birth history, sexuality);
  • abdomen (peristomal plane);
  • stoma;
  • output; and
  • skin.
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with an ostomy, fistula or percutaneous site.
  • Explains diagnosis and surgical procedures for a client with an ostomy, fistula or percutaneous site.
  • Formulates interventions including:
  • teaching and counselling perioperatively;
  • assessing and determining stoma site location;
  • selecting products;
  • managing stoma complications (e.g., stenosis, necrosis, prolapse);
  • managing peristomal conditions; and
  • referrals to community resources and other health-care professionals.
  • Differentiates anatomical locations of colostomies and expected output.
  • Identifies a plan of care based on type of colostomy and a client’s preferences and needs.
  • Teaches management of mucous fistula and/or rectal stump.
  • Explains impact of diet (e.g. to prevent constipation or reduce gas).
  • Explains the difference between a temporary and a permanent colostomy.
  • Teaches colostomy irrigation and/or enema administration to suitable clients.
  • Describes the expected output from an ileostomy.
  • Describes strategies to prevent and correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
  • Teaches about changes in absorption (e.g., medications, diet, vitamin B12).
  • Teaches management of mucous fistula and/or rectal stump.
  • Teaches a client with an ileostomy about the signs and symptoms of:
  • obstruction; and
  • fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
  • Teaches strategies to prevent and manage food blockage to a client with an ileostomy (e.g., dietary considerations).
  • Describes ileostomy lavage.
  • Explains the differences between a temporary and permanent ileostomy.
  • Describes the expected output of a urostomy.
  • Teaches a client with a urostomy about:
  • adequate fluid intake;
  • dietary considerations;
  • use of night drainage system; and
  • mucous management.
  • Describes peristomal complications related to prolonged contact with urine (e.g., alkaline encrustations, pseudoverrucous lesions).
  • Describes the management of stents and catheters in situ.
  • Teaches a client with a urostomy about signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections.
  • Teaches a client with a urostomy how to obtain urine specimens.
  • Describes the different types of continent fecal diversions (e.g., J-pouch, Kock pouch).
  • Teaches a client regarding expected outcomes of continent fecal diversions (e.g., number of bowel movements per day, continence, dietary modifications).
  • Teaches a client regarding complications (e.g., pouchitis, valve failure, stricture, incontinence, pouch failure).
  • Implements nursing interventions in the immediate postoperative period following fecal diversions (e.g., perianal skin protection, intubation, irrigation).
  • Describes the different types of continent urinary diversions (e.g., Indianapolis pouch, neobladder, Mitrofanoff).
  • Implements nursing interventions in the immediate postoperative period (e.g., managing drains and tubes, skin protection, intubation, irrigation).
  • Teaches a client how to integrate management of continent urinary diversion into daily care (e.g., skin protection, managing drains and tubes, intubation, irrigation, mucus management).
  • Teaches a client regarding complications (e.g., valve failure, pouchitis, stricture, infection, pouch failure, incontinence).
  • Identifies etiologic factors and manifestations of a fistula.
  • Completes an assessment of a client with a fistula including:
  • source (e.g., bowel, bladder);
  • location (e.g., enterocutaneous, enteroatmospheric);
  • topography (e.g., number of sites, proximity to bony prominences, scars, creases, incisions, drain, stoma, below, at, or above skin level, muscle tone surrounding opening);
  • characteristics of output (e.g., type, source, volume, odour, consistency, gas, pH, colour);
  • perifistular skin (e.g., intact, macerated, erythematous, denuded, eroded, ulcerated, infected);
  • fluid and electrolyte, dietary and nutritional considerations; and
  • factors that delay spontaneous closure (e.g., presence of foreign body, cancer, irradiated area, Crohn’s disease, abscess).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with a fistula.
  • Formulates measures to manage a fistula (e.g., contain output, odour control, comfort measures, measurement of output, perifistular skin protection, optimize mobility, pouching system, dressing, suction, topical negative pressure therapy, pharmacological management).
  • Identifies type and purpose of percutaneous tubes and drains (e.g., enteral, urinary).
  • Identifies patency and placement of percutaneous tubes and drains.
  • Recommends stabilization method for percutaneous tubes and drains.
  • Explains measures to prevent and manage complications for clients with percutaneous tubes and drains (e.g., tube migration, dislodgement, obstruction, leakage).
  • Explains measures to prevent and manage peritube skin damage (e.g., infection, hypergranulation, chemical, mechanical).
  • Teaches a client with a percutaneous tube or drain about the care and use of equipment (e.g., hygiene).
  • Describes the indications for use of containment products and accessories.
  • Formulates plan of care for application of containment products and accessories.

• Continence — Official range: 20–30% (Practice allocation: 25%)

  • General Principles of Continence
  • General Assessment of Incontinence/Dysfunction
  • General Principles of Incontinence/Dysfunction Management
  • Urinary Incontinence/Dysfunction
  • Fecal Incontinence/Bowel Dysfunction
  • Identifies goals and factors affecting outcomes for a client with urinary incontinence/dysfunction and fecal incontinence/bowel dysfunction.
  • Describes the anatomy of micturition and defecation.
  • Describes the physiology of micturition and defecation across the lifespan.
  • Describes the pathophysiology of bladder and bowel incontinence/dysfunction.
  • Identifies the surgical procedures that may result in urinary and/or fecal incontinence.
  • Performs a focused assessment of a client with incontinence/dysfunction including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., cognitive impairment, environmental barriers, functional impairment); and
  • biopsychosocial (e.g., quality of life, socio-economic status, motivation, culture, impact of disease on self and family dynamics, birth history, sexual health/trauma).
  • Identifies risk factors that may contribute to incontinence/dysfunction (e.g., smoking, obesity, exercise, sexual health, obstetrical history, diet and hydration, radiation).
  • Completes an initial and ongoing assessment of a client with incontinence/dysfunction including:
  • abdomen;
  • skin;
  • urogenital exam – external;
  • pelvic exam: visual/digital exam;
  • rectal exam;
  • neuromuscular testing (e.g., anal wink); and
  • external sphincter assessment.
  • Identifies etiology of urinary incontinence/dysfunction type including:
  • stress incontinence;
  • urge/overactive bladder;
  • acute and chronic urinary retention;
  • neurogenic bladder;
  • lower urinary tract symptoms and functional incontinence in older adults;
  • lower urinary tract symptoms in pediatrics; and
  • congenital urinary tract abnormalities.
  • Identifies etiology of fecal incontinence/bowel dysfunction type including:
  • constipation;
  • diarrhea;
  • irritable bowel syndrome;
  • incontinence;
  • surgical and medical procedures that may cause fecal incontinence/bowel dysfunction; and
  • congenital fecal incontinence/bowel dysfunction.
  • Teaches conservative measures for bladder and bowel management:
  • dietary and fluid management;
  • toileting schedule;
  • emptying techniques (e.g., Credé manoeuvre, double voiding, abdominal massage);
  • bowel and bladder training programs;
  • skin care; and
  • pelvic muscle re-education.
  • Selects containment products and devices (e.g., briefs, pouches, condom catheter).
  • Identifies pharmacological treatment.
  • Describes surgical options to treat bowel and urinary incontinence and/or dysfunction.
  • Initiates referrals to health-care professionals (e.g., sexual health counselling, dietitian, pelvic floor physiotherapist) and community resources.
  • Interprets data for a client presenting with urinary incontinence/dysfunction including:
  • comprehensive history and physical; and
  • assessment of incontinence/dysfunction (e.g., signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection, diagnostic tests such as post-void residual urine measurement, EMG studies, bladder diary, urodynamics).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with urinary incontinence/dysfunction.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent urinary incontinence/dysfunction (e.g., behavioural management techniques such as bladder retraining, urge suppression techniques, environmental modifications, pelvic floor muscle exercises, scheduled or timed voiding).
  • Formulates nursing interventions to manage urinary incontinence/dysfunction (e.g., bladder emptying techniques such as double void, suprapubic catheterization, catheter management).
  • Describes criteria for recommending indwelling urinary catheterization or intermittent catheterization.
  • Interprets data for a client presenting with fecal incontinence/bowel dysfunction including:
  • comprehensive history and physical (e.g., quality of life, bowel diary, associated conditions such as infection, pelvic organ prolapse, fistula, pelvic pain syndrome, neuromuscular conditions, trauma, obstructions, encopresis, congenital abnormalities); and
  • assessment of fecal incontinence/dysfunction (e.g., diagnostic tests such as anal wink test, motility studies, anal-rectal manometry, endoscopic procedures).
  • Devises a plan of care for a client with fecal incontinence/ bowel dysfunction.
  • Formulates nursing interventions to prevent and manage fecal incontinence/bowel dysfunction (e.g., behavioural techniques such as bowel retraining, dietary management, pelvic floor muscle exercises, containment devices, bowel cleansing, fluid and electrolyte management, antegrade colonic procedures, skin care).

• Professional Practice — Official range: 5–10% (Practice allocation: 7.5%)

  • Education and Research
  • Leadership and Advocacy
  • Cultural Awareness
  • Demonstrates competence through continued personal and professional development and continuing education.
  • Provides education, mentoring and guidance to other health-care professionals.
  • Demonstrates the use of measurable outcomes.
  • Describes criteria for critically appraising research.
  • Applies research findings to practice.
  • Demonstrates interprofessional collaboration to ensure the needs of clients are met.
  • Demonstrates advocacy for clients with wound, ostomy and continence issues.
  • Demonstrates leadership in wound, ostomy and continence practice.
  • Seeks out ongoing professional development opportunities to enhance cultural competence and cultural safety for themselves, and for their Indigenous colleagues and clients.
  • Describes a sensitivity to cultural and ethical concerns.
  • Recognizes how current policies impact Indigenous health (e.g., food security and food safety-contaminants).
  • Understands that symptoms have culture-specific meanings and clients from diverse backgrounds will describe their symptoms differently, have different ideas of what might have caused it, will have different acceptance of it, and what kind of treatment they would seek for it.
  • Respects the client’s values, goals and decisions.
  • Communicates respectfully with the client by refraining from judging, labelling, demeaning, stigmatizing or humiliating clients who use substances and their communities.

How to prepare

Work through the topics, read the explanation after each answer, and revisit the areas where you miss questions. Use the official outline and reference materials below to guide your study.

These independent practice questions are not actual exam items and do not guarantee a passing result.

Frequently asked questions

Official sources and references

• CNA Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing — Exam Blueprint and Specialty Competencies

  p. 1, Introduction

• CNA Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing — Exam Blueprint and Specialty Competencies

  p. 4, Table 1

• CNA Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing — Exam Blueprint and Specialty Competencies

  p. 5, Structural Variables

• tips — Canadian Nurses Association

  CBT exam tips

• results — Canadian Nurses Association

  Exam Results and Retesting

• fees — Canadian Nurses Association

  Initial Exam Fees

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